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214 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Potsdam COnference
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1945
-Truman, Churchill, Stalin -divided Germany into 4 occupation zones |
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satellite nations
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countries under the USSR control
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Nuremberg Trials
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german war crime trials
-charged with planning the war, committing war crimes an conspiring to committ the crimes |
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MacArthur ran _____
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Japan
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reform in Japan
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new constitution
-limit on military broke up zaubatsu |
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zaubatsu
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huge corporations run by single families that had monopolized japanese economy
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Hideki Tojo
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sentenced to death in the trials in tokyo
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Kai-Shek
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led the nationalist party in China
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Mao Zedong
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led the communist party in China
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The United Nations
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1945 became official
-headquarters = NYC |
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Trygve Lie
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UN's first secretary general
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Eleanor Roosevelt
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one of the first US delegates of the UN
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Zionism
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movement for a jewish homeland in palestine
- caus of the 1st middle east war |
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leader of Zionism
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David Ben Guiron
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Ralph Bunche
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persuaded both sides to accept an armistice in the first middle east war
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yalta conference
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1945
-Stalin, Churchill, FDR -stalin pledged to declare war on Japan 3 months agter Germany surrenders -divide Germany into occupational zones -outlined plans for a new international peace organization |
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West Germany
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not communist
-"Federal Republic" |
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East Germany
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communist
-"People's republic" |
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George Kennan
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state department official
-came up with idea of containment |
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Baruch
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presidential advisor
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Baruch Plan
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impoe penalties on countries that did not follow international rules regarding atomic weapons
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Atomic Energy Act of 1946
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created the Atomic Energy Commisssion to oversee nuclear weapons research and promote uses of peaceful atomic energy
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Truman Doctrine
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1947 -- states that the US would help any country fighting against communism
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Marshal Plan [European Recovery Plan]
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after WWII -- plan to give money to european countries to help them rebuild their economy
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]
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alliance formed with US and western European nations
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Warsaw Pact
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communist places pact with each other
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Korean War
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54,000 Americans died
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Kim II Sung
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led communist north Korea
-"Democratic Poeple's Republic of korea" |
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Rhee
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led south korea -- "The Republic of Korea"
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Great Debate
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plan to overthrow chinese communist -- truman opposed this plan and removes MacArthur in 1951
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Election of 1952
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Truman does not run again
-Eisenhower [wins bc promised to end the war and he does] -Stevenson (D.) |
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Brinkmanship
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called for threatening all-out war in order to confront communist aggression
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Krushchev
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man in USSR who accused Staling of committing many crimes
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The U-2 Incident
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when a US pilor was captured while spying on the USSR
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Pahlavi
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The Shah [king] of Iran
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Department of Defense
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replaced the war department in 1947
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national security council
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advised the president on international affairs
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the house un-american activities committee
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was leading the fight against communism in the US
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the internal security act
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required communists to register with the government
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mcCarthy
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accused a bunch of people of being communists
-eventually "centered" [criticized] by senate |
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Margaret Chase Smith
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challenged McCarthy
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Billy Graham
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most famous living preacher in american history going against nuclear bombs
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sputnik
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first artificial sattelite
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NASSA
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national air and space aeronatutics
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GI bill of rights
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provided pensions and governemtn loans to help veterans start buisnesses and buuy houses or farms
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employment act
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committed to the governmen to promoting full employment and production
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council of economic advisers
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confer with the president on economic policy
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taft-harley act
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gave judged the power to end certain stikes and outlawed close shot agreements
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election og 1948
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truman [wins]
-henry wallace -thomas dewey |
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truman's fair deal
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-full employment
-higher minimum wage -national health and insurance program -construction of affordable housing -increased aid to farmers |
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wagner connery act
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national labor relations act
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H.H. Humphrey
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came up with civil rights platform in election of 1948
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Arafat
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leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization
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bordering countries of Israel
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jordan, egypt, syria/lebanon
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Sharon
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leader of Israeli invasion
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infata
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uprising
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modern republicanism
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name given to eisenhower's attempt to balance liberal domestic reforms with conservative spending during the 1950s
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Meany
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AFL-CIO's first president [unions]
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The Highway act of 1956
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contributed to surburban growth
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Brown v. Board of Education
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1954
-supreme court case that declared "separate but equal" public schools unconstitutional |
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thurgood marshall
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NAACP lawyer
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Little Rock Nine
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nine african american students who first integrated Central High school in little rock arkansas
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Montgomery improvement association
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oranization formed by african americans in montgomery, Alabama in 1956 to strengthen bs boycott and to coordinate protest efforts of blacks
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Civil rights act of 1957
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law that made it a federal crime to prevent qualified persons from voting
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Felix Longoria
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mexican american soldier killed during WWII -- when he was going to have his funeral the director would not allow the use of the chapel because he was Mexican American
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league of united latin American citizens
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formed in 1929 to lobby hispanic concerns and issues
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ralph ellison
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published the Invisible Man
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the beats
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a small but influential group of writers who challenged literary conventions and the lifestyle of the middle class in the 1950s
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urban renewal
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program launched by the federal government in 50's to replace old run down inner city buildings
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election of 1960
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Ike couldnt run
-Nixon -Kennedy [wins] |
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issues of the election of 1960
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civil rights
economy vietnam/containment |
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Flexible Repsonse
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strategy to keep a range of options for dealing with international crisis
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peace corps
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program used to send volunteers to work in developing nations for two years
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alliance for progress
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done to expand economic aid to latin america
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fidel castro
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rebel leader that led an uprising that overthrew Batista (cuban director)
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cuban missile crisis
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when we agreed to "societs will remove missiles and US will end blockade and promise not to invade Cuba"
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limited nuclear test ban treaty
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Kruschev and JFK
-ended above fround testing of nuclear weapons |
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Lee Harvey Oswald
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killed JFK
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Earl Warren
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appointed by johnson
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sirhan sirhan
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killed Oswald
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Reynolds vs. Sims
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"one man one vote"
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warren court
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promoted liberal cause of LBJ
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"Bull" Connor
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birmingam's city commissiomer of safety who blamed freedom riders for violence
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diane nash
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SNCC leader who refused to comply with JFK's requests to stop the bus rides
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California v. Bakke
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made quotas illegal
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14th amendment
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equality under law
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15th amendment
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blacks can vote
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24th amendment
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banned the payment of poll taxes as a condition for voting in federal elections
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Randolph
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civil rights activist -- MLK's right hand man
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Council of Federated Organizations
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established to coordinate voter registration drives
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Freedom Summer
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campaign to register African American voters in Mississippi
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Goodman
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college student from new york who wne missing as well as Chaney and Schwerrner
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
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put the entire registration process under federal control
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Mississippi Freedom Deomcratic Party
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group that sent its own delegates to the Democratic national convention in 196 to protect discrimination against black voters in mississippi
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james farmer
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CORE director
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Nation of Islam
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black muslims; black nationlists religious group
-founded by Fard -based on Muhammad |
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elijah muhammad
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became leader of the Nation of Islam in 30's
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Black Power Movement
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called for black separatism that was a result of frustration that came with the slowness of the civil rights movement
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black panther pary
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political party
"black people will not be free until we are able to determine our own destiny" |
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Bobby Seale and Huey Newton
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created the black panther party
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Kenner Commission
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investigated the riots in the 1960s and blamed them on white racism
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James Earl Ray
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killed MLK
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ressurection city
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shanty town to sow the poverty of america
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Betty Friedan
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wrote the Feminine Mystique
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Phyllis Schlafly
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opposed ERA
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Gloria Steinman
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journalist activist
foudned the National womens political caucus |
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Education amendments act
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outlawed sexual discrimination
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Cesar Chavez
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led the strike with the NFWA (national farm workers association) leaders
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la huegla
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he delano grape strike
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Brown Berets
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activist group formed in 1967 in response to police treatment of Mexican Americas
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Gray Panthers
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founded by Maggie Kuhn
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Robert McNamara
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secretary of defense
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tonkin gulf resolution
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gave the presidency authority to take "all necessary measures to repel any attack againt forces of the US"
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Escalation
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buildup of troops
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Operation Rolling Thunder
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bombing campaign against military targets in the North and weakened the enemy's will to fight
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
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network of Jungle paths
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defoliants
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chemicals that stripped the land of vegetation
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Search and Destory Missions
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drove vietcong from their hideouts
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pacification
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moved residents to secure locations and then burned their villaged
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Tet offensive
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bring down South Vietnam's government a the people rallied behind their "liberators"
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Westmoreland
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commander of the US forces in Vietnam
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Tran Do
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deputy commander of communist forces in South vietnam
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George Wallace
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ran as a candidate for the American Independent Party
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Kissinger
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Nixons poitical advisor
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vietnamization
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involved turning over the fighting to the SOuth Vietnamese while gradually pulling out US troops
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Le Duc Tho
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north vietnam leader dude
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Pentagon Papers
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revealed that the government had frequently misled the american people about the course of the war
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Daniel Ellsberg
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was a former department of defense official who had leaked these documents to the press
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Cease fire of Vietnam
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-US withdraw its remaining forces in Vietnam
-Prisoner Exchange -no settlement on the political future of south -us would come to the aid of south vietnam [secretly] if fighting resumed |
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legacy of vietnam war
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-money: americans had to pay a lot more for taxes
-people: 58,000 US soldiers fied and death in vietnam -american image: wall was built to heal wounds |
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war powers act
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reaffirms congress' constitutional right to declare war by setting a 60 day limit on the presidential committment of US trooops to foreign conflicts
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Nixon and new federalism
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divison of power between the national and the state government
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waren burger and renqhuist
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conservative justices appointed by Nixon
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OPEC - organizaion of petroleum exporting countries
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yea oil pooooooooooooop
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Allende
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killed by CIA bc we think he is a communist
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middle east wars
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-40s = existence of israel
-50s = suez crisis -60s = six day war -70s = yom kippur war |
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real politics
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nixon and kissinger's thing
-national interest rather than human rights |
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Jou En Lai
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presidnet of communist china
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Sirica
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judicial branch investigation during watergate
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Ervin
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legislative branch investigation during watergate
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cox
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executive branch investigation during watergate
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dean
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caught on tape talking to nixon about watergate break in
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Nixon claimed that he had _________ and that it was a matter of _________
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"executive priveledge"
"national security" |
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articles of impeachment
(clinton and nixon) |
1)obstruction of justice
2)abuse of power 3)lying under oath |
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Saturday night massacre
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when all these people resigned and were fired under nixon
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significance of watergate
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1)trust in constitution
2)trouble trusting gov. 3)privacy laws passed |
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election of 76
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-Ford
-Carter [wins] |
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Panama Canal Treaties
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gave panamal canal back to panamanians -- carter
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Camp david accords
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carter - peace agreement between israel and eypt
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Sadat
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egyptian president
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begin
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israeli prime minister
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ayatolla Khomeini
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church leader of Iran
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leader of China
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HU
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voting rights of 1975
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required states and communities with a large number of no english speaking residents to print voting stuff in other languages
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skylab
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first us space station put in orbit in 73
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Reagan's legacy
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1)calls end of cold war
2)reagonamics |
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Bush Senior's legacy
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ending cold war
-operation desert storm |
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Acis of evil (made by bush now)
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iran
iraq north korea |
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election of 1980
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reagan wins
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new right
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-support school prayer
-no communism -strong military -guns! -dont support abortion |
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moral majority led by _____
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Falwell
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Reagonamics
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based on supply side economics (supply people with mor emoney to spend by lowering taxes and more things will be bought and economy will benefit)
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deficit spending
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oversepending your revenue on a yearly basis
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de-regulation
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favored by reagan
-little or no regulation for buisness |
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national debt
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the total of the deficit spending over the yeard added together
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thatcher
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IRON LADY
prime minister of britain |
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contras
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against communism in latin/cental america
- we support |
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sandinistas
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we dont support them
- want communism |
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iran contra affair
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given to the 1980 scandal in which reagan administration secretly sold weapons to Iran in exchange for relase of American hostages in Lebanon and then used the profits for sale to fund the contras in Nicaragua
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Gramm-Rudman hollings act
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required automatic actoss-the board cuts in gov. spending when the deficit spending exceeded a certian amount
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insider trading
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use of confidential financial info. for personal gain
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S and L crisis
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economic collapse in the savings and loan an banking industries caused by risky loans in the 80s
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oliver north
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funnelled millions of dollars from the Iran contra affair by selling the weapons
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Gorbachev
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leader of USSR in 85
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Glasnots
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Gorbachev's policy of openess
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Peristrouka
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Gorbachev's polic to restructure the economy
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yeltsin
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takes over USSR after Gorbachev
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putin
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USSR leader from 2000-now
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Tiananmen Square
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gate of heavenly peace -- heart of china's gov.
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in 2007 chinese economy is a _____ economy
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market
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three important things about 1st gulf war
|
1)role of women
2)technology 3)media |
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Bush Doctrine
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states pre-emptive stirke -- US committed to protecting themselves from attack -- made after 9/11
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Election of 1992
|
Clinton wins
-Ross Perot runs |
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Janet Reno
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female attorney general
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Medeleini Albright
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first secretary of state
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Rabin
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Israeli prime minister
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Gadhafi
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leader of Libya
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Election of 1996
|
clinton (wins)
dole perot (reform party) |
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greenspan
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ferderal reserve chairman -- credited with economy boom
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Kenneth Starr
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independent counsel during Clintons trial
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Mir
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spaceship
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Glenn
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first human to orbit the earth
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Truman's foreign policy
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potsdam conference, containment, marshall plan, NATO
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Truman's domestic policy
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GI bill of rights, taft hawley act, fair deal
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Ike's foreign policy
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brinkmanship, CIA
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Ike's domestic policy
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modern republicanism
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JFK's foreign policy
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flexible repsonse, alliance for progress, berlin crisis, bay of pigs, hot line, direct combat
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JFK's domestic policy
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new frontier, area for redevelopment act, eqaul pay at, NOW
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LBJ's foreign policy
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guns vs. butter, tonkin gulf resolution, escalation, operation rolling thunder, pacification, search and destory
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LBJ's domsestic policy
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war on poverty, great society, medicare, medicaid
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Nixon's foreign policy
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vietnamization, real politics, SALT, detente
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Nixon's domestic policy
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Rehabilitation act, southern strategy, OPEC, new federalism
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Ford's foreign policy
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detente
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Ford's domestic policy
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pardoned Nixon, whip inflation now
|
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Carter's foreign policy
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human rights, panama canal, camp david accords
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Carter's domestic policy
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national energy act, department of energy
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Reagan's foreign policy
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Itan hostage crisis, strategic defense initiative
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Reagan's domestic policy
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new right, moral majortiy, supply side economics/reaganomics
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Bush Sr.'s foreign policy
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Operation desert storm
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Bush Sr.'s domestic policy
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Americans with disabilities act, war on drugs
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Clinton's foreign policy
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operation restore hope, contract with america
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Clinton's domestic policy
|
economic boom
low unemployment |
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Bush Jr.'s foreign policy
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operation Iraqi freedom, NAFTA
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Bush Jr.'s domestic policy
|
recycling, conserving energy, stock market
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