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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most important fact about 18th century America?
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Phenomenal population growth and diversity!
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In 1700, what was the approximate population size in America?
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250K
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In 1770, what was the approximate population size of America?
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2 Million!
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Who were the Robin Johns family?
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Black slave traders whose two sons were accidentally sold into slavery. English man buys them and takes them back to England where their case is heard and they eventually gain back freedom and return to slave trading.
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Where does the word Slave come from?
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From Slav - a huge group of peasants in Russia: blue eyed and blonde
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How many Colonies were there originally?
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13
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What is the second most important fact of 18th Century America?
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An expanding economy!
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What states constituted the Northern Colonies?
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1. New Hampshire
2. Massachusetts 3. Connecticut 4. Rhode Island |
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Why did population growth slow in the Northern Colonies?
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Because of Puritan religous rules and Partible Inheritance
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What is Partible Inheritance?
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Law in the Northern Colonies that said that when land owner died, it was split up between sons, which when they died was split up between their sons and so on. (meant no land was left)
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What was the probability that a child would make it past 2 in the 18th century?
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50/50
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What 4 things were coming out of the Northern Colonies?
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1. Farms - livestock and wood
2. Fish - salted cod 3. Ships 4. Merchants - well to do Puritans |
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Who consumed 2/3 of New England exports? Where did the remaining third go?
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West Indies. The rest went to England
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What states were part of the Middle Colonies?
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1. New York
2. Pennsylvania 3. New Jersey 4. Delaware |
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The largest and most successful New England merchants lived where?
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Boston!
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What 3 things were the Middle Colonies known for?
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1. Immigrants
2. Wheat and domesticated animals 3. Work |
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Who made up the largest contigent of migrants from Europe into the Middle Colonies?
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Germans!
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Fellow colonists called the German migrants what?
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Pennsylvania Dutch
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Who were Redeptioners?
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Families coming over to America thinking relatives in NW would pay for passage and meet them in NW but no one would show and family would have to sign years of life to pay.
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What states were part of the Southern Colonies?
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1. Maryland
2. Virginia 3. North Carolina 4. South Carolina 5. Georgia |
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What 3 things are coming out of the Southern Colonies?
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1. Indigo - a dye
2. Tobacco 3. Rice |
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Which colony is the biggest contributor to the GDP?
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The Southern Colonies!
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The Southern Colonies exported how much to Europe?
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80% to Britain, 20% to the rest of Europe
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From the years 1700 to 1770, what were the slave populations? What was the size in 1860?
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20K to 400K. In 1860, the pop. size was 4 million.
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When was slave trade made illegal in Britain?
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1808
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Historians consider a Plantation to be a plantation if it had how many slaves?
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20+
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What was the Stono Rebellion? What does is its significance?
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Rebellion in which 20 whites were killed and plantations were burned. The guilty blacks were killed as well as many innocents. It meant the slaves had no chance of over-turning slavery and very little chance to defend themselves.
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Why was slave insurrection impossible?
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Plantations were so far away from each other it meant communication was nigh impossible.
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Who were the Gentry?
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Plantation owners
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If the Colonists could afford it, what did they do?
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They would dress in British clothes and speak like the British
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In the 1750s, what did the Colonists have? Why was it important?
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They felt they had Duel Citizenship. Colonists but still British with all the same rights.
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Which empire was the largest in the 1700s?
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Britain!
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Why were Colonists okay with coastline help from the British but not inland affairs?
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Because they were used to dealing with inland stuff and ruling themselves.
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Who were assigned to each colony for 5 year terms?
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British Governors who largely stayed in Britain during their term.
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What was important about New France?
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They had extensive fur trade with Indians west of the Appalachian MTs.
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Why was the colonial economy in the 18th century unique?
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Nearly all the settlers lived within 50 miles of the coast and the nearly limitless land westward made land really cheap thus making labor precious. Always needed more labor.
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What was the fundamental economic environment in colonial 18th century America?
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The insatiable demand for labor
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TRUE OR FALSE: Most New Englanders had little use for slaves on their family farms.
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TRUE
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In New England, where were slaves concentrated? What did most of them do?
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Concentrated in towns like Boston where they mostly worked as servants and laborers.
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What was the defining feature of the Southern Colonies?
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Slavery!
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Why did Colonists prefer black slaves over indentured servants?
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Because slaves served for life and because colonial laws did not limit the force masters could use against slaves.
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How did the Gentry treat poorer whites?
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Spoke poorly of them in private but in public acknowledged their lesser neighbors as equals
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What is Deism?
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the belief that reason and observation of the natural world are sufficient to determine the existence of God
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