U.s History Flash Cards

Front 1

Homestead Act (1862)

Back 1

Provided 160 acres to anyone willing to settle in the west.

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Great Plains

Back 2

Grassland that extend from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains

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Recall

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Votes didn’t count so the voting has to be done again.

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Cattle Drivers

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Farmers moving a herd of cattle from one place to another.

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Buffalo

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What Native Americans needed to survive.

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Dawes Act (1887)

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To assimilate Indians by giving them individual plots if land.

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Battle of Wounded Knee

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U.S. soldiers massacred 300 unarmed Native Americans in 1890. This ended Indian wars.

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Gilded Age

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a time between the Civil War and World War I

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Andrew Carnegie

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A Scottish-American industrialist, business magnate, and philanthropist.

Front 10

John D. Rockefeller

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A american oil industry business magnate, industrialist, and philanthropist.

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Monoplies

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A single seller

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Trusts

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small companies joined together to form one large company.

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Laissez-Faire

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Government hands off.

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Social Darwinism

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the theory that human groups and races are subject to the same laws of natural selection as Charles Darwin had perceived in plants and animals in nature.

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Social Gospel

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Groups of people who worked to better work conditions and make Christian churches more responsive to social problems, such as poverty and prostitution.

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Sherman Anti Trust Act

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Outlawed business monopolies.

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Labor Unions

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Organizations that protected the interest of workers.

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Industrialization

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The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

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Urbanization

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Cities

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Jane Addams

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Founder of Hull House and a Women Suffrage Leader.

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Settlement Houses

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Community centers that helps immigrants address the problems of horrible living conditions, disease, illiteracy, and unemployment.

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Populism

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Political philosophy supporting the rights and power of the people in their struggle against a privileged elite.

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Political Machines

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Gives homes and jobs to the poof for votes.

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Progressivism

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Support for the social reforms

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Muckraker

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Reporter and writer who exposed corruption and abuses big business

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Suffrage

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The right to vote

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Initiative

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Citizens can propose a law to be placed on a ballot

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Referendum

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Voters can vote for a proposed initiative on a ballot

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Prohibition

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To stop something

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Susan B. Anthony

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Civil right leader and Women Suffrage leader.

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W.E.B. Du Bois

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Civil rights leader and political activist who campaigned for equality for Black Americans

Front 32

Upton Sinclair

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The Author of 'The Jungle' a book that described the terrible conditions of the meat packing industry.

Front 33

Ida B. Wells

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an African-American journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, and leader in the Civil Rights Movement.

Front 34

Eugenics

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A set of beliefs and practices that aims at improving the genetic quality of a human population.

Front 35

Woodrow Wilson

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28th President and leader of the Progressive Movement.

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Imperialism

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a policy of extending a country's power.

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Theodore Roosevelt

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26th President

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Stanford B. Dole

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After overthrowing the monarchy, he served as the President of the Republic of Hawaii until Hawaii was annexed by the United States.

Front 39

The Role of missionaries in Imperialism

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Missionaries liked to spread Christianity

Front 40

Alfred Theyer Mahan

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Encouraged the U.S. to strengthen the naval power to become a world power.

Front 41

The Spanish-American War

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Was fought between the United States and Spain in 1898.

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Results of the Spanish American War

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The war officially ended four months later, when the U.S. and Spanish governments signed the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898.

Front 43

Panama Canal

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waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.

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Open door policy

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The United States telling China to open its doors for trade or they would blow them open.

Front 45

WWI

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began in 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and lasted until 1918.

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General John Pershing

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Commander of the American Expeditionary force during WWI

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Henry Cabot Lodge

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I.S. Senator that opposed the League of Nations.?

Front 48

New Weapons Introduced during the war

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Machine Guns, poison gas, tanks, and airplanes.

Front 49

Trench Warfare

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Attached from ditches instead of battle ground

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Stalemate

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Neither side wins

Front 51

Battle of Argonne Forest

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a major part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire Western Front.

Front 52

Wilson Fourteen Points

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principles for peace that was to be used for peace in order to end World War I.

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League of Nations

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a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended WWI

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Treaty of Versailles

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Brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.

Front 55

The Roaring Twenties

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The birth of modern cultures

Front 56

The Red Scare

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is the promotion of widespread fear by a society or state

Front 57

Palmer Raids

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Targeted immigrants homes and businesses.

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Nativism

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Not likeing someone due to their race.

Front 59

Sacco and Vanzetti

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Anarchists and Italian immigrates who were accused of murder.

Front 60

Glenn Curtiss

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founder of the U.S. aircraft industry.

Front 61

Marcus Garvey

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A leader of the “Back to Africa” movement.

Front 62

Henry Ford

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was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, the founder of the Ford Motor Company

Front 63

William Jennings Bryan

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was an American politician from Nebraska.

Front 64

Clarence Seward Darrow

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Defended John Scopes during the Monkey Scoped Trial.

Front 65

Charles Lindbergh

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American pilot who made the first non stop flight across the Atlantic.

Front 66

Warren G. Harding’s Return to normalcy

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Jffy

Front 67

Teapot Dome Scandal

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President Warren G. Harding's cabinet, is found guilty of accepting a bribe while in office.

Front 68

Flappers

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Women who embraced their attitudes and freedom.

Front 69

The Scopes Trial

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an American legal case in July 1925 in which a substitute high school teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which had made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school.

Front 70

Jazz

Back 70

a type of music of black American

Front 71

The Great Migration

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African American moving to the north for better jobs.

Front 72

The Harlem Renaissance

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Period of African-American culture of music,art and literature in Harlem, New York.

Front 73

The Great Depression

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A severe worldwide economic depression

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Herbert Hoover

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President when the Great Depression began.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Won against Hoover. Came up with the New Deal.

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Dust Bowl

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Term to Describe the area of the Great Plains.

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The New Deal

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Introduced by Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was to fight the Great Depression.

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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

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Insurance for people bank.

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Securities and Exchange Commissions (SEC)

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Government agency that regulates the stock market.

Front 80

Social Security Act

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An act of the New Deal. Provides Unemployment insurance due to disability, old age, and/or insurance for families.

Front 81

FDR battles the Supreme Court

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FDR trying to add more members tot he Supreme Court to pass his programs.

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World War II

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a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945.

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Harry S. Truman

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President during the last months of WWII, he made the decision to use the atomic bomb O.K. japan to end war sooner.

Front 84

General Dwight D. Eisenhower

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U.S. general in Europe during WWII. He was in charge of D-Day, and also the 34th president.

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General Douglass McArthur

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U.S. general in charge of Allied Forces in the Pacific Ocean.

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Impearalism

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Open door policy to japan and China starts it or purchase of Alaska

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Sewards Folly

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The purchase of Alaska from Russia to the United States $7 Mill.

Front 88

Alfred T. Mayhand

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Wrote a book called “The Influence of Sea Powers”.

Front 89

Dollar diplomacy

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The idea of using the strength of the dollar to get some nations.

Front 90

General George Patton

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General Douglass

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Alfred T. Mayhand

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Wrote a book called “The Influence of Sea Powers”.

Front 92

Dollar diplomacy

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The idea of using the strength of the dollar to get some nations.

Front 93

General George Patton

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officer of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean

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General Omar Bradley

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Led the U.S 1st Army during D-day

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General George Marshall

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Chief of staff of the U.S. army during WWII.

Front 96

Chester Nimitz

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Navy Commander

Front 97

Vernon J. Baker

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Awarded Medal of Honor in 1997 for heroic acts in Italy in 1945.

Front 98

Causes of WWII

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Harsh treatment of Germany after WWI.

Front 99

Attack on Pearl Harbor

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On dec. 7, 1841, japan attaches U.S. Base at Pearl Harbor.

Front 100

Battle of Midway

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Turning point in the war.

Front 101

Island Hopping

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Allied naval strategy, Going island to island

Front 102

The Atomic Bomb

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Powerful weapon dropped on the Japanese cities.

Front 103

The Holocaust

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The murder of 6 million Jews.

Front 104

Invasion of Normandy

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The Allied invasion of western Europe, which was launched on June 6, 1944, with the simultaneous landing of U.S., British, and Canadian forces on five separate beachheads in Normandy, France.

Front 105

Internment of Japanese Americans

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during World War II was the forced relocation and incarceration in camps in the western interior of the country of between 110,000 and 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom lived on the Pacific coast.

Front 106

War Bonds

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A bond so the U.S. government can better support war like activities.

Front 107

Victory Garden

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a vegetable garden, especially a home garden, planted to increase food production during a war.

Front 108

Tuskegee Airmen

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name of a group of African-American military pilots (fighter and bomber) who fought in World War II.

Front 109

The flying Tigers

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The First American Volunteer Group of the Chinese Air Forc

Front 110

The Navajo Code

Back 110

speakers specially recruited during World War II by the Marines to serve in their standard communications units in the Pacific Theater.

Front 111

U.S. Office of War Information

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a United States government agency created during World War II. Promoted victory garden, recycling and things like that.

Front 112

G.I Bill

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Give veterans financial and education benefits.

Front 113

Surburbanization

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People moving to the suburbs.

Front 114

The baby boom

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High birth rates and the end of WW2

Front 115

Rock N’ Roll

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A form of music in the 1950s

Front 116

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Back 116

Sent American into outer space.

Front 117

Great Society

Back 117

LBJ’s program that addressed social programs like health care, civil right, and urban decay.

Front 118

Johnson’s Civil Rights Record

Back 118

Focused of laws passed during Johnson presidency

Front 119

The civil rights act of 1964’

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Made discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin in public places illegal.

Front 120

The voting Rights of 1965

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Eliminated literacy test for voters

Front 121

The civil rights act of 1968

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prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of housing

Front 122

Watergate

Back 122

a major political scandal that occurred in the United States during the early 1970s, following a break-in by five men at the Democratic National Committee headquarters

Front 123

Containment

Back 123

the action of keeping something harmful under control or within limits.

Front 124

United Nations

Back 124

an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

Front 125

Truman Doctrine

Back 125

gave goods

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Marshall plan

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Gave money

Front 127

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Back 127

an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European countries based on the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4 April 1949.

Front 128

Berlin airlift

Back 128

gave goods to people fighting commuism

Front 129

Korean war

Back 129

a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States).

Front 130

HUAC

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House of Un-American Activities Committee. HUAC was formed in 1938 to investigate Fascist and Communist activities in the United States but came into prominence in 1947 during the second Red Scare in the Cold War era and the "Communist Witch Hunts".

Front 131

Venona Papers

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a list of names deciphered from code names contained in the Venona project, an American government effort from 1943-1980 to decrypt coded messages by intelligence forces of the Soviet Union.

Front 132

Nuclear Arms Race

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a competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War.

Front 133

Joseph McCarthy

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accused people of being communist

Front 134

McCarthyism

Back 134

the practice of making accusations of subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence.

Front 135

Sputnik

Back 135

each of a series of Soviet artificial satellites, the first of which (launched on October 4, 1957) was the first satellite to be placed in orbit.

Front 136

Space race

Back 136

the competition between nations regarding achievements in the field of space exploration.

Front 137

Cuban Missile Crisis

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A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the presence of missile sites in Cuba; one of the “hottest” periods of the cold war.

Front 138

Vietnam War

Back 138

A Cold War conflict pitting the U.S. and the remnants of the French colonial government in South Vietnam against the indigenous but communist Vietnamese independence movement,

Front 139

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

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approving and supporting President Lyndon B. Johnson's determination to repel any armed attack against U.S. forces in Southeast Asia.

Front 140

The Tet Offensive

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A series of major attacks by communist forces in the Vietnam War.

Front 141

Domino theory

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The theory that if one country falls the others behind them falls too.

Front 142

War powers resolution

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federal law intended to check the president's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress.

Front 143

Master Sergeant Raul(Roy)Perez Benavidez

Back 143

received the Medal of Honor from President Ronald Reagan for heroism while wounded in the Vietnam War, then fought to keep the Government from cutting off his disability payments, died on Sunday at Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio.

Front 144

The credibility Gap

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a term that came into wide use with journalism, political and public discourse in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s.

Front 145

The silent majority

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the majority of people, regarded as holding moderate opinions but rarely expressing them.

Front 146

Plessy v. Ferguson

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Made segregation Illegal

Front 147

Rosa Parks

Back 147

an activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Front 148

Malcolm X

Back 148

an African-American Muslim minister and human rights activist.

Front 149

Martin Luther King Jr.

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was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968.

Front 150

Cesar Chavez

Back 150

was an American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association in 1962.

Front 151

Marines In Lebanon

Back 151

were acts of terrorism that occurred on October 23, 1983, in Beirut, Lebanon, during the Lebanese Civil War.

Front 152

Phyllis Schlafly

Back 152

an American constitutional lawyer and conservative political activist. She was known for staunchly conservative social and political views, anti feminism, opposition to legal abortion, and her successful campaign against ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Front 153

Heritage Foundation

Back 153

an American conservative public policy think tank based in Washington, D.C.