Us History Chapter 4

Front 1

Elizabethan settlement

Back 1

Queen Elizabeth wanted to put an end to all religious conversy and wanted a Protestant church.

Front 2

Puritans

Back 2

staunch protestants; they agreed wholeheartedly with the Anglican creed, but they thought that the old ceremonies and practices were too much like those of the Roman Catholic church.

Front 3

Low church Anglicans

Back 3

agreed doctrinally with the PUritans but saw no problem with the church's ceremonies

Front 4

High church Anglicans

Back 4

held that the church's tradiional practices, notably its rule by bishops, were divinely ordained.

Front 5

Separists

Back 5

believed that whole Church of England was corrupt and that true Christians must separate from it.

Front 6

idea of the covenant

Back 6

heart of Puritan theology; says that God deals with mankind through a series of covenants or agreements.

Front 7

episcopal polity

Back 7

church of England; an authority such as monarch appoints bishops, and the bishops in turn appoint lower officials down to the individual churches

Front 8

presbyterian polity

Back 8

church of Scotland; members of the congregation elect their ruling elders. Elders from several congration then elect officials for the next level of authorit, these officials elect the next higher level, and so on

Front 9

congregational polity

Back 9

each congregation elected its own officers and each church remained independent of other churches.

Front 10

half-way covenant

Back 10

allowed unconverted members to enjoy the full privileges of citizenship.

Front 11

Salem witch trials

Back 11

resulted from the claimes of several young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, that they were being afflicted by witches.

Front 12

James Blair

Back 12

most notable for attempting to secure better qualified ministers for that colony by helping to found Willian and Mary College and by serving as its first president

Front 13

Thomas Bray

Back 13

returned to England to promote missionary efforts for the colonies. Two outstanding organizations resulted from his efforts: the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge and the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Paris.

Front 14

Roger Williams

Back 14

started the Baptist group

Front 15

baptists

Back 15

emphasize doctrine of baptism; practice congregational polity and beleve that only the regenerate should be church members

Front 16

Quakers

Back 16

Society of Friends; oppose taking oaths, participating in war, or holding political office; "Inner Light'

Front 17

George Fox

Back 17

founder of Quakers

Front 18

Presbyterians

Back 18

last major English Separatist group; much like the Congregationalists, except that they practice presbyterian polity

Front 19

Francis Makemie

Back 19

Father of American Presbyterianism

Front 20

Dutch Reformed

Back 20

came to New World with the settling of New Amsterdam

Front 21

Huguenots

Back 21

French Reformed; came to America after Louis XIV took away their freedom of worship; many became presbyterian

Front 22

Lutherans

Back 22

followers of the teaching of the great German reformer Martin Luther

Front 23

Henry Muhlenberg

Back 23

Father of American Lutheranism

Front 24

Mennonites

Back 24

followers of the Dutch teacher Menno Simons; most important Anabaptist group numerically

Front 25

Amish

Back 25

more conservative branch of the Mennonites who practiced a stricter church discipline

Front 26

Pietism

Back 26

emphasizes the importance of conversion and the necessity of a holy life; tended to downplay doctrine

Front 27

Moravians

Back 27

most important Pietist group; followers of John Huss; primary concern was evangelism

Front 28

"wine glass pulpit"

Back 28

popular style of pulpit so called because the rounded pulpit sat atop a narrow stem

Front 29

catechism

Back 29

summary of a denomination's doctrine framed in a question and answer form

Front 30

"bills of request"

Back 30

long prayer by the pastor at the beginning of church service

Front 31

Bay Psalm Book

Back 31

first book published in America

Front 32

John Eliot

Back 32

translated the Bible into the Algonquin tongue

Front 33

David Brainerd

Back 33

died of tuberculosis at the age of 29; his journal inspired many young men to enter mission work

Front 34

David Zeisberger

Back 34

leader of the most successful Moravian mission called Gnadenhutten

Front 35

Great Awakening

Back 35

powerful social, political, and religious force that permanently altered the face of American history

Front 36

Theodore Frelinghuysen

Back 36

emphasized personal conversion and the holiness of life that an awareness of God's holiness brings; started the Great Awakening

Front 37

Gilbert Tennent

Back 37

preached the need for conversion and holy living; carried the revival throughout the colonies

Front 38

"New Lights"

Back 38

supported the revival

Front 39

"Old Lights"

Back 39

condemned the emotional displays that accompanied the Awakening

Front 40

Jonathan Edwards

Back 40

great theologian of the Great Awakening; "Sinners in the Hand of an Angry God"

Front 41

George Whitefield

Back 41

outstanding evangelist of Great Awakening

Front 42

Samuel Davies

Back 42

carried the revival to the Presbyterians in Virginia; helped found Washington and Lee University and served as president of the College of New Jersey (Princeton)

Front 43

Shubal Stearns

Back 43

enjoyed great success in Sandy Creek, North Carolina; with Marshall oversaw the real establishing of the Baptist in the South