U.s. History: Ch 12 And 13

Front 1

Crittendon Compromise

Back 1

-last ditch efforts at peace
-extended missouri compromise line westward and didnt interfere w/ slavery south of the line

Hint 1

peace

Front 2

fort sumter

Back 2

-bloodless
-conf. fired upon union soldiers
-techinical start of civil war!
- no fed. reinforcement of supplies.
- conf. demand surrender

Hint 2

start of war

Front 3

west virginia

Back 3

- becomes a state
- stays loyal to the union
-more rural

Hint 3

state!

Front 4

Civil War = brothers war?

Back 4

brothers war: fighting bloodties and fellow country men

Front 5

North advantages

Back 5

1. had 23 states (s. had 11)
2. economic: heavy industry (war products)
3. banking & financial resources, more bank credit

Front 6

South's advantages:

Back 6

1. more experienced leaders
2. had long standing military tradition (indian and slave uprisings)
3. renowned military schools
4. S. fighitng a defensive war

Front 7

role of women in the war

Back 7

-nurses
-take over businesses
-work in factories

Front 8

role of native americans

Back 8

-fought on both sides

Front 9

clara barton

Back 9

founded american red cross

Front 10

dr. elizabeth blackwell

Back 10

1st professional licensed doctor

Front 11

1ST battle of bull run/manassas and results

Back 11

-union retreats and loses
- confed. reinforcements
-psychological and military victory

Front 12

norths 1st ultimate goal

Back 12

keep union together

Front 13

northern strategies/union

Back 13

-capture richmond VA
- capture and control Mississippi and Tenessee river
-blockade eastern sea board of S. coastal states

Front 14

Southern strategies/ confed.

Back 14

- defensive war
- capture washington dc (symbolism)
-strike into MD and PN

Front 15

Y Fr. and GB didnt help U.S.

Back 15

Fr: Napolean wants to start an empire in MX, wanted 2 keep US busy so they werent kicked out

GB: saved up cotton, found India and Egypt (new source), queen hates slavery

Front 16

Copperheads

Back 16

northern democrats who sympathized with the South

Front 17

Suspension of Writ of Habeas

Back 17

Lincoln suspended some civil liberties-- Your Right to Appear in Court and to Know the Charges Against You.

Front 18

Why did Norhtern White working class oppose war

Back 18

-sympathize w/ south and urge peace
-war is too costly ( $ and life)
- if afr. am. are free, they could take up jobs
-fighters= working class

Front 19

General McClellan

Back 19

fired by A. Lincoln twice

Front 20

Northern soldier experience

Back 20

-unsanitary
-better medical
-shortage of supplies (due to bad transp.)
- pow camps: filthy and overcrowded
-lonely and homesick

Front 21

southern soldier experience

Back 21

-unsanitary
-lack in medicinal supplies
-shortage of supplies (bad transp. and few supplies)
- pow camps filthy and overcwrowded
- steal from the dead

Front 22

2nd battle of bull run/ manassas

Back 22

B4 Gen. pope could march union forces on Rich. VA, Rob E Lee and stonewall jackson forces attack the union troops = UNION DEFEAT
- gen pope replaced by McClellan

Front 23

Battle @ Antietam

Back 23

-S. Offensive
- Conf LEE marches men in2 MD (thinking more troops would join). Union knew ahead of Lee's plan and met the Conf. in battle (one of the bloodiest)
- Confed. escape.
-SIGNIFICANCE UNION VICTORY: they didnt retreat

Front 24

Battle of Fredricksburg VA

Back 24

-union troops massacred in an open plain
-confed. troops @ higher ground

Front 25

battle of Gettysburg

Back 25

-began as conf. raiding party looking for shoes
-3 days, lots of death
-UNION VICTORY, didnt end war
-SIGNIFICANCE: turnin pt. in war, proved the south could be beaten

Front 26

Union troops fared better in wet under U. S. Grant

Back 26

-grant succeeds in conrolling Miss. cuttin LA, AK, and TX off from Confederacy
-grant = butcher

Front 27

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 27

-after antietam
-free slaves in Confederacy

Front 28

Why did norths war aims change during the Civil war?

Back 28

-norht needed a moral pick uo
-ppl in north were critical

Front 29

Gen. Ulysses S. Grant becomes commander of Union troops = war of attrition

Back 29

grant=butcher
-grant engages in battles, tire away Souths men and supplies

Front 30

sherman and total war

Back 30

-pursue joe johnston
-war on soldiers and civilians

Front 31

march to sea

Back 31

destruction 60 mi wide/ 30 mi long
-military/economy/pscychologically

Front 32

Appomattox courthouse

Back 32

1. lee unconditionally surrenders
2. Grant allows soldiers to keep animals and side arms, and gives food

Front 33

Consequences of war

Back 33

-South: economic/societal/geographic/population devistation
-4$ dollars in slaves
-1/3 population lost
- still racism, slavery ended
-north:
-big business flourishes
- has to rebuild the south

Front 34

Lincoln's 10% plan and hopes to restore the union

Back 34

-offered amnesty (full pardon) to most S. who swear loyalty to the constitution and obey fed. law on slavery
-said state could rejoin union when 10% of 1860 voters swore allegiance

Front 35

Prez Andrew Johnson and role in reconstruction

Back 35

-he is a southern democrat
-issue a blanket pardon (those who werent, were pardoned individually)
-said states could rejoin if they: 1. nullify acts of secession 2. abolish slavery
3. refuse to pay conf. gvmt. debts

Front 36

13th amendment

Back 36

(13 has a 3, rhymes w/ free)
-abolishes slavery

Front 37

black codes

Back 37

curfews, restriction from certain trades, no weapons, cant meet in public, very similar to slave codes

Front 38

Moderates vs Radical Republicans

Back 38

agree: south and Fed. shouldnt be seated in Congress; there should be equality in races and civil races

disagree: moderates say blacks shouldnt vote.
Rad. Rep. say they should.

Front 39

Freedmans bureau

Back 39

-helps freemen w/ education and black codes
-congress wants to extend the life of it, pres johnson vetoes it (because, it gives power to central gvmt and hes a bigget)

Front 40

civil rights act

Back 40

-in response to black codes
- says all citizens are entitled to all benefits of all laws
-congree passes, johnson vetoes it, congree overrides it

Front 41

14th amendment

Back 41

(14 has 4, 4 ppls rights)
1. defines citizenship
2. forbids any state from denying citizens their unalienable rights
3. decrease political representation of any state that doesnt give all males the right to vote
4. no south state can pay confed. debt
5. congress has the right to enforce this

Front 42

Reconstruction acts

Back 42

1. divides the south (xcept for tenn.) int2 5 military districts
2. to regain admisiion to union - must ratify 14th amendment
3. must create new const. giving all men the right to vote

Front 43

tenure of office act

Back 43

-b4 you can remove some1 from office, you must have senate approve of the replacement

Front 44

impeachment proceedings agaisnt A. Johnson

Back 44

-Johnson has lincoln's cabinet (Repr.). he fires Edwin stanton (sec. of war)
-his impeachment goes to house of reps, senate votes voting legislation
-johnson came up 1 vote shot of getting kicked out

Front 45

pres. election - Repub Grant wins

Back 45

due to blk vote, hes a war hero

Front 46

15th amendments

Back 46

(fiVe in 15, V in vote)
-no one can be denied the right o vote based on race/ color/ past servitude

Front 47

Carpetbaggers

Back 47

-northern republicans
-lowest class
-they moved to the south 2 help freed slaves and profit financially from south

Front 48

Scalawags

Back 48

-southern whites who backed the Union and supported reconstruction after civil war
-seen as traders

Front 49

KKK and effect on reconstruction

Back 49

-white southerners (ex confederates) that tried to destroy the repub. party)
-threatened radical repub. and blacks
-used violence and terrorism to support WHITE SUPREMACY - subjugates black rights

Front 50

Civil rights Bill of 1875

Back 50

-prohibited discrimination by businesses serving the public
-wasn't enforced by officials and failed to do its job

Front 51

compromise of 1877

Back 51

(Democrat Tilden <184> vs. Rep. Hayes <165>)
1. the military will be removed from the south
2. a southerner must be placed on the cabinet
3. patronage jobs have to be given to some southerners
4. Fed. gvmt. will pay for souths internal improvements

Front 52

sharecropping and Crop lien system

Back 52

adressing lack of labor and money
-says a blk/wht family would be given a section of land o cultivate. theyd be allowed to keep a share and pay the rest back as rent. w/ crop lien, its promised 2 a merchant

Front 53

probs w/ crop lien and sharecroppin system

Back 53

-unsuccessful crops = poverty and debt
-economy not diverse, only 3 crops
-ppl still tied 2 the land

Front 54

1896 Plessy vs. ferguson

Back 54

"separate but equal"
-allows 4 segregation
- only 1 in supreme court voted against it

Front 55

restrictions on blks in south

Back 55

-segregation
-little economic opp.
-prevention of voting (grandfather clause, literacy test etc.)

Front 56

booker t washington

Back 56

-found tuskegee Inst. in alabama
-urged economis adv. and peaceful coexistance
-not aggressive, not 4 fighting back

Front 57

ida wells bennett

Back 57

-active advocate
-advancement of blk rights
-"leave south"
-agressive- fight back and demand