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37 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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To overcome by military force
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Conquer
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The Spanish were able to ________ the Aztec, Mayan and Incan Empires.
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An organized effort to spread
religion in a foreign land; Spain promoted Christianity for the Pope in Rome. |
Mission
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The 1st Spanish Mission in the United States was in St. Augustine, Florida in 1565. Oldest city in the U.S.A.
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To persuade one to change his/her religion
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Convert
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Spanish missionaries tried to convert the native americans to Christianity
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Businesses in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose.
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Joint-stock company
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The English Virginia Company was a ______ _____ Company.
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A written authorization by a King/Queen to grant a right/privilege to settle lands in the New World.
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Charter
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The Virginia Company was given a Charter to settle lands in America.
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A domesticated crop raised and sold for money
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Cash Crop
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The _____ _____ of indigo, cotton, tobacco and rice were early American products.
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A person who has contracted to work for another for a limited period, often in return for travel expenses, shelter, and sustinence.
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Indentured Servant
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An _______ _______ had to work for his master for 4-7yrs and was from a lower class of English society
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A written agreement between nations generally to end warfare.
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Treaty
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A _______ between the English and Native Americans was usually broken by the English.
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One who owes something of value to another
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Debtor
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A ______ under English Law was subject to debt peonage & was bound to servitude until their debt was paid
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A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire by 1521
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Hernando Cortes
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_______ captured Montezuma and forced the Aztecs to mine gold and silver for export to Spain.
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A Spaniard who traveled to the Americas as an explorer and conqueror in the 16th Century.
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Conquistador
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The __________ used military force and cunning to subdue the Aztecs, Maya, and Incan Empires
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The colony that replaced Tenochtitlan as Mexico City.
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New Spain
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Cortes created plans for Mexico City called ____ ______ including Churches,homes, Cathedrals and a University.
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Intermarriage between Spanish and Native Americans creating
mixed descendants |
Mestizo
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Mixed marriages between Spanish and Native Americans created a large ________ population
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A system in which Spanish authorities granted colonial landlords the service of Native Americans as forced laborers
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Encomienda
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The _________ labor system worked many native americans to death.
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Explored the area called Florida in 1513 searching for the Fountain of Youth and gold.
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Juan Ponce de Leon
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By 1562, this explorer withdrew from Florida due to indian attacks, disease, and starvation.
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In 1609-1610 Governor Pedro de Peralta led missionaries to Mexico's northern lands called ____ ________
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New Mexico
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A new mission was built at Sante Fe , _____ _________ on a tributary of the Rio Grande
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A Pueblo religious leader who was punished by Spanish priests for his worship practices.
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Pope
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He led a rebellion of 17,000 people against the Spanish nation and controlled northern Mexico for 14 yrs.
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A Knighted military man who led the expedition to Jamestown, Virginia
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John Smith
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He provided leadership and a cash crop called tobacco to help Jamestown survive.
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The Virginia Company's first colony in the New World was established on the James River in Virginia
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Jamestown
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The colonists of ___________ endured unsanitary water, starvation, and harsh weather to survive in the New World
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Native Americans who lived near Jamestown and whose Chief bore the same name
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Powhatan
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The tribal name, Chief's name & father of Pocahontas
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In 1618 under this system, anyone who paid for their own or another's passage to Virginia received 50 acres of land.
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Headright System
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The _________ System increased immigration to the New World.
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A colony under direct control of the King of England
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Royal Colony
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By 1644, nearly 10,000 English men and women lived in Virginia
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He raised an army in 1676 to fight Native Americans
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Nathaniel Bacon
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Gov. Berkeley called _________ rebellion illegal
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Church denomination who wished to purify or reform the Church of England
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Puritans
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Anne Dudley Bradstreet, a ________ wrote the 1st book of poetry in America in 1666 /
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The puritans first governor who wanted to create a model society called a "City upon a Hill"
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John Winthrop
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First Puritan Governor
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A member of one of the Puritan groups that, denying the possibility of reform within the Church of England, established their own independent congregations
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Separatist
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The ________ were known as the Pilgrims who were fleeing from religious persecution
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The second permanent English colony in Massachussets
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Plymouth Colony
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The ________ Colony was established in 1620 by a small group of families
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A settlement with Boston as its capital city started with 17 ships including 1000 English men, women & children
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Massachussetts Bay Colony
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Composed of Puritans and Non-Puritans
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An extreme separatist who felt the English settlers had no right to Indian lands unles they purchased them and declared government officials hsd no right to punish settlers for their beliefs.
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Roger Williams
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______ ______ was forced to leave the Massachussetts colony for Narragansett, Rhode Island with its capital at Providence.
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She felt that worshipers needed neither the church nor its ministers to interpret the Bible for them.
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Anne Hutchinson
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She was banished from Boston, Massachusetts colony in 1638 and led a following to New Netherland where the Dutch practiced religious toleration
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A 1637 conflict in which the Pequot Nation battled Connecticut colonists and their Narragansett allies.
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Pequot War
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An indian massacre in which colonists shot 500-600 ______ men, women & children in their fort on the Mystic River
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The Wampanoag chief called King Philip by the English who began a war against New England colonist
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Metacom
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He led an uprising against Puritan Laws placed on his tribe such as no hunting/fishing on Sunday
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Spring 1675 Metacom and allies used guerilla war against outlying New England colonies lasting over a year
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King Philip's War
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Indian resistance wore down due to food shortages, disease, and heavy casualties
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At age 22 he joined the Quakers (Society of Friends)a radical Protestant sect. Started the colony of Pennsylvania on principles of equality, cooperation, and religious toleration
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William Penn
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Quakers allowed women's input in affairs, were Pacivists, held service w/o formal ministers, dressed plainly, and refused to defer to persons of rank, & allowing members to speak as the spirit moved them
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Colony of the Dutch West India Company, which was explored by Henry Hudson in 1609 and expanded fur trade
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New Netherland
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New Amsterdam (N.Y.C.) was capital of this colony which allowed other immigrants to settle on its lands. They were taken over by the English in 1664 w/o bloodshed.
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The owner of a colony in the New World.
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Proprietor
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Ex. the Duke of York renamed New Netherland as New York as its _______________.
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A radical protestant sect who believed that God's "inner light" burned inside everyone.
Settled Pennsylvania under William Penn |
Quakers
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The Quakers were Penn's "Holy Experiment" in living, a place without a landowning aristocracy, peace with the indians, guaranteed every adult male 50 acres & right to vote
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