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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What was the significance of the French and Indian War in the development of the nation?
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The French and their Indian allies were both enemies of the English. At the time, the French claimed more territory in North America than the English did. France's loss resulted in Canada being ceded to the English.This resulted in France becoming more friendly to American revolutionaries against the English, resulting in a military alliance during the Revolutionary War.
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a. Who were the prominent players in french indian war
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George Washington, Edward Braddock, John Campbell, William Pitt
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2. What was the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
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The signing of the treaty formally ended the Seven Years' War, otherwise known as the French and Indian War in the North American theatre, which marked the beginning of an era of British dominance outside Europe.
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a. What did Britain gain from the treaty of paris
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All of the French land east of the Mississippi River and they claimed Canada. They also gained some islands in the Caribbean.
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3. What was the proclamation of 1763?
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Issued by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, in which it forbade settlers from settling past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains. The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American Empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier.
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4. Who was William Pitt
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William Pitt was British secretary of state during the French and Indian War and later served as Prime Minister of Great Britain.
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a. What role did he play during the Seven Years War?
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The role of William Pitt in the British victory in the French and Indian war was evident when he vowed to defeat the French. He mobilized all the British soldiers towards that course. He was the British secretary of state in the French and Indian War, who later served as the Prime Minister of Great Britain.
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5. Who led the Indians who revolted following the Seven Years War?
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Ottawa leader, Pontiac
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6. Over what issues did the colonies and England disagree in the years preceding the Revolution
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Before the Revolution, colonies boycotted imported English trade goods.
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7. What were the Acts passed by George Greenville intended to do?
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The Intolerable Acts were five acts to take control and power away from the Colonists.
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8. Who were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty?
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The Daughters of Liberty were a successful group that proved women's involvement in politics could be beneficial for the country.
The Sons of Liberty was a secret organization of American patriots that attacked the apparatus and symbols of British authority |
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9. What happened during the Boston Massacre?
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The Boston Massacre occured when a group of colonials were taunting and throwing rocks at a group of british soldiers in boston. The colonials present were drunk, and one of them walked up to a soldier and hit him with a club and was shot
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a. Why had a rivalry developed between the colonists and the British soldiers?
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The Boston Massacre began when about 50 citizens attacked a British sentinel. A British officer, Captain Thomas Preston, called in additional soldiers, and these too were attacked, so the soldiers fired into the mob, killing 3 on the spot, and wounding 8 others, two of whom died later. The Boston Massacre was a signal event leading to the Revolutionary War.
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11. What fundamentally led to the schism between the colonies and King George III?
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Virginia was founded as a colony devoted to exploration, agriculture, and trade while Maryland was founded as a colony as a safe religious haven for Catholics from England.
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12. What document governed the colonies during the first ten years of the nation?
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Early U.S. constitution (1781 – 89) under the government by the Continental Congress, replaced in 1787 by the U.S. Constitution. It provided for a confederation of sovereign states and gave the Congress power to regulate foreign affairs, war, and the postal service, to control Indian affairs, and to borrow money.
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13. Who wrote the Olive Branch Petition?
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The petition was written by John Dickinson in America and adopted 8 July 1775, it reached London on August 14, 1775.
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14. What impact did France and Spain have on the independence of America?
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Following the Declaration of Independence, the American Revolution was well received in France, both by the general population and the educated classes. The Revolution was perceived as the incarnation of the Enlightenment Spirit against the "English tyranny."
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15. What did England do after the Treaty of Paris (1783) was signed?
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The 1783 Treaty of Paris recognized the independence of the United States of America, restored property and fishing rights, established territorial boundaries and established a procedure for removing British troops from America.
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17. What happened in Shays Rebellion?
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Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion started on August 21, 1786, over financial difficulties. A militia that had been raised as a private army defeated an attack on the federal Springfield Armory by the main Shaysite force on February 3, 1787.
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18. What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution known as?
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The first 10 Amendments are the Bill of Rights. They establish basic American civil liberties that the government cannot violate.
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19. What happened during the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794?
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fed. gov't created a tax on whiskey in 1791, so Penn. farmers planned a series of attacks on excise agents.
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20. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
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Congress in 1798 passed four laws in an effort to strengthen the Federal government, known as the Alien and Sedition Acts.
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a. What group(s) were the alien and sedition acts intended to benefit?
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Federalist Congress passed the act at a perceived French threat during the Undeclared Naval War with France
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21. What was the Quasi War?
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an undeclared war fought mostly at sea between the United States and the French Republic from 1798 to 1800
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a. How was the quasi war resolved?
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The United States Navy and the Royal Navy, combined with a more conciliatory diplomatic stance. The Convention of 1800, signed on September 30, ended the Franco-American War
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22. Who were Tecumseh and Tenskwatwa?
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Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa were members of the Shawnee Indians in Ohio. Tecumseh was Tenskwatawa's older, more skilled brother.
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Who did Tecumseh and Tenskwatwa challenge for authority?
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Indiana Governor William Henry Harrison
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23. What was the Northwest Ordinance
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The primary effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory, the first organized territory of the United States, from lands south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River.
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a. What did the northwest ordinance provide?
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The most significant intended purpose of this legislation was its mandate for the creation of new states from the region, The first state created from the Northwest Territory was Ohio, in 1803, at which time the remainder was renamed Indiana Territory. The other four states were Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
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24. What issues divided the members of the Second Constitutional Convention?
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Issues ranging from the national debt to the overwhelming influence of money in politics have spawned calls for fundamental change in the document that guides the nation's government.
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25. Who were the federalists?
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The Federalists were advocates of a strong central government & believed the government must resist the passions of the public.
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a. What were the Federalist Papers?
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They were written between 1787 and 1788 in New York newspapers to persuade voters to ratify the proposed constitution.
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26. What overall guarantees can be found in the Bill of Rights?
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The American Bill of Rights consists of ten amendments. The other seventeen are not guaranteed. A few of these are: Amendment 13, Abolition of slavery; Amendment 15, Black suffrage; Amendment 19, Women's suffrage; Amendment 25, Presidential succession; and Amendment 26, 18-year-old suffrage.
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27. What was Hamilton’s financial plan for the new nation?
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Hamilton's financial plan consisted of new securities bonds, a bank of the United States, a more stable paper currency, and a policy that would help fledgling American producers to compete with inexpensive European imports
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a. What two financial problems did Hamilton try to resolve?
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Hamilton issued a bold proposal. The federal government should pay off all Confederation (state) debts at full value. Such action would dramatically enhance the legitimacy of the new central government. To raise money to pay off the debts, Hamilton would issue new securities bonds
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28. What was the difference between a Federalist and a Jeffersonian Republican?
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Essentially, the difference between the Jeffersonian Republicans and the Federalists in the 1790s boiled down to the Federalist's view that the Constitution should be viewed "loosely", while Republicans viewed the Constitution literally.
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29. What was the XYZ Affair?
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a. Delegation of Americans (Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry) went to France, foreign minister Maurice de Talleyrand demanded loan for French people, government, as well as money for himself, before negotiations could take place
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30. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
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a. Alien Act – Prohibited any alien from speaking against the government
i. Silence immigrant opposition and their writings opposing Adams b. Sedition Act – Prevented any citizen from speaking against the government |
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32. What were the midnight appointments?
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Appointments of federalists to federal courts made right before he left office.
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33. What judicial precedent was established in Marbury v Madison?
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a. Judicial review
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34. Why did Jefferson consider his vice-president to be a dangerous man?
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a. He plotted to invade the US through Mexico with the help of Europeans
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35. What was the significance of the Louisiana Purchase?
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a. Established that federal government had power to expand its borders, doubled size of country, opened up the Mississippi River to trade
b. Added large amount of agricultural land |
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36. Who were Lewis and Clark?
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a. Leaders of the Corps of Discovery, Virginians
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c. How does Meriwether Lewis exemplify the darker nature of expansion?
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i. His death reflected the strain and peril that would befall many of those who participated in the westward expansion
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d. What assistance did Sacajawea provide to the Corps of Discovery?
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a. Translated, also was a disarming presence when approaching new tribes, as opposed to a group of armed men
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37. How did the wars in Europe impact Americans in the early 1800s?
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a. Hurt the economy
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38. What was the Embargo Act?
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a. Cutoff all trade with the Britain and France
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b. How did the Embargo Act impact the economy of the United States?
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i. Caused economic downturn, economy relied on exporting raw materials to European countries
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39. What characterized economic growth in the early national period?
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a. Textile industry and public works projects
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40. How did James Monroe reduce the misery of the Depression of 1819-1823?
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a. Took out loans to create large public works projects
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42. What is the Missouri Compromise?
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As a condition of Missouri and Maine’s statehood, slavery was allowed anywhere below Missouri’s southern border
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43. Who was Eli Whitney and what did he invent?
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Farmer and inventor, invented cotton gin
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44. What impact did the market revolution have on the US?
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a. The US became reliant on the textile industry
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47. What characterized the colonial family in the pre-Revolutionary period?
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a. All members of the household played significant roles, women were treated like hired workers, children also contributed
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48. How did the Quakers view slavery?
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a. Against it, liberty was a universal entitlement, first group of white people to repudiate it
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49. What conflicting stories abound with the Boston Massacre ~ both from the British & the Americans?
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British saw a dangerous unruly crowd threatening British soldiers, fear/panic lead to massacre Americans have image of Paul Revere’s printed version that portrayed line of British soldiers firing into unarmed crowd.
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51. From your secondary reading, how did black people (slave & free) view the Revolutionary War?
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a. Felt that if the Americans were fighting for freedom, they should have theirs too. Also saw it as an opportunity to gain freedom by fighting or fleeing.
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52. How does Catherine Van Cortlandt recount encounters with former neighbors & servants?
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a. Isolated due to husband being a loyalist, refused to trade with her
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53. What is Republican Motherhood?
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a. Encouraged expansion of education for women, redefined household as mother, father and children rather than including servants, lessened absolute male authority
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54. How did Benjamin Franklin, more than any other Founding Father, exemplify the Enlightenment ideas in America?
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a. Wanted unified America to make stronger in order to fight the British
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55. How widespread was religious prejudice in the American colonies during the Revolutionary era?
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a. It wasn’t, religious toleration was seen a crucial part of freedom
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56. Why would men like Teyoninhokarawen join in the War of 1812?
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a. They wanted Native Americans to remain independent from white ways, revive Indian culture
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