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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 principle of the US constitatution |
1. Republicanism- people elect representative 2. Federalism- separation of power b/t federal & state 3. Separation of power- b/t three branch 4. Check & balance- stop the action of one another keep things in balance |
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three branch of government |
Legislative- make law Executive - enforce law Judicial- interpret law |
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US political system |
democracy |
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difference b/t republic & democracy |
republic- everyone have to vote democracy- people vote for a representative |
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formal and informal institution |
formal- 3 branch of gov. (congress, president, & federal court system) informal- public opinion, election & political participation, political parties, interest of group, new media, bureaucracy (ppl aren't elective, but have the power to make decision) |
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natural rights |
right that not depend on law, it the right of human being, life liberty & pursuit of happiness |
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federalism |
make strong national government |
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anti-federalism |
oppose national gov., focus on state powers weak federal gov |
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weakness of article conferderation |
first form of gov in US, not a strong form of gov, the gov couldn't tax difference state & regulate trade |
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James Madison argument in federalist 10 |
smaller gov it might be use for self purpose, large group of public would make difficult for total control, have limited gov |
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short coming or undermocratic element in the framers constitution- Dahl |
slavery, suffrage, election of the president, choosing senators, equal representation of the senate, judicial power, congressional power |
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Aristotle mean by "man is political animal"
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we can speak and have moral reasoning |
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process of Nationalization
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the process of changing privately own to government own |
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Aristotle mean by "state" or polis?
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polis- city state, independent, where we get politic from, political association |
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Aristotle mean by political association
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it aim for the highest good, independent
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what danger do both Tocqueville and Madison see as inherent in unrestrained political association?
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more democratic constitution by Dahl
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the constitution need to include more people (include other Ethnic group)
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democratic republic by Dahl
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we elect individual to the best of our ability to made decision for us |
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Is US constitution becoming more democratic?
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process of devolution
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separate power from the central gov to state to made decision for local |
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what event in recent US history have reversed a previous trend toward devolution in US?
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civil right movement "brown Vs board of education", Sept, 11 - gov start to regular more thing |
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Anti-federal objection to federal constitution
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don't want a strong Central gov, want the bill of right, want to have a limit term for election, the elected people are too distinct from what the people want |
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State
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independent gov |
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state role in the political economy?
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regulation and conservation- protect and preserve the environment promote- help private interest achieve their economic goal taxing and spending decision- seek to generate a level of economic supply and demand that maintain economic money supply decision |
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fiscal and monetory policy
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Monetary policy involves changing the interest rate and influencing the money supply. Fiscal policy involves the government changing tax rates and levels of government spending to influence aggregate demand in the economy
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what does Dahl mean by "political equality?" |
government by the people;rule of the majority, a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections, |
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what reason Dahl give to support his claim that there is more equality today? |
na |
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what characteristic a state must have to have in order to be fully democratic? Dahl |
state have to provide rights, liberties, and opportunity for effective participant; voting equality; ability to acquire sufficient under standing policies and their consequences; citizen could control agenda of gov policies and decision |
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why would political equality threaten fundamental rights and liberties? |
na |
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two different way to think about concept of liberty or "freedom" |
1. right are prior to gov. they re "natural" & unalienable 2. right are provide by gov. without gov there would be no rights |
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what is different b/t supply-side economics and demand-side economics? |
supply-side economics: emphasize the business (supply (prodution)) component of the supply-demand equation. ex: tax cut for business. demand-side economics: emphasize the consumer "demand" (consumer spending) component of supply-demand equation. gov can use to increase spending or tax cut to place more money in consumer hand and thereby increase demand |
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Fiscal policy |
gov efforts to maintain a thriving economy occur in part through it taxing and spending decision |
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the difference b/t deficit and debt? |
budget deficit: federal gov spends more in a year than it receive in tax and other revenues. national debt: total cumulative amount the federal gov owned to it creditors. |
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what is inflation? |
general increase in the average of prices of goods and services |
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public opinion |
political relevant opinion held by ordinary citizen that express openly |
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how can we measure public opinion? |
cannot be measure directly, so political scientist use different indicator to account for -election return -straw poll -letter to the editor -size of the crowd at a protest or political rally -the measure are unreliable since people who participate are a typical and not representative sample of population |
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what is an issue public? |
groups of people who pay attention to one particular issue. One can be part of more than one issue public. |
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in what way is public opinion an informal institution? |
it opinion, does not what everyone thing, but still get general idea of what the public think. |
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what is political socialization? |
the process by which people acquire their political belief, opinion, attitude, and value |
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what are the agents or source of political socialization? |
primary family- the strongest of all agent of socialization, PID, political ideology, class out look, religious affiliation pri & sec school- early socialization into the political community, college & university- more advance sense of citizenship church- people tend to stick with religion of their parents peers- tend to reinforce what you already believe media- a major source of political information leaders- religious, political, conditional emergency and response and events |
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what is the different b/t party identification (PID) and political ideology? |
party identification (PID): attachment to a political party political ideology: a consistent set of value & attitude about the purpose & scope of gov |
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what is the difference b/t V.E.P. and V.A.P.? |
VAP (voting age population) VEP (voting eligible population) |
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what is the paradox of voting? |
na |
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what are some way to overcome paradox voting? |
na |
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what is political party? |
an ongoing coalition of interests jioned together in an effort to get its candidates for public office elected under common label. |
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what are some of the typical function of political party in US? |
Political parties perform an important task in government. They bring people together to achieve control of the government, develop policies favorable to their interests or the groups that support them, and organize and persuade voters to elect their candidates to office |
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what is party/political realignment and why is it significant to politic in US? |
when the balance of power between a country's political parties changes greatly. Their electoral coalitions (the groups of people who vote for them) change dramatically. Sometimes, this happens when political parties die out or are created. |
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why are there only two major parties in US? |
The winner-take-all system in the U.S. favors two stable parties. |
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what is hard money? |
the money is giving directly to the candidate and can be spent as s/he choose limited to $2500 from individual and $5000 from a group |
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liberal Vs conservative ideology |
liberal- democrat belief in big gov and gov should solve problem conservative- republic keep thing the way it was, small gov not alot of tax tradition value |
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cross cutting cleavage |
look identity doe not mean what one belief or act |
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how are election type be informal institution? |
n |
