Us Gov Unit 1, #2

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1. The 2007 European Reform Treaty did all but

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c. create a centralized debt-refinancing agency for indebted countries.

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2. By 2012, members of the European Union (EU) agreed to greater central authority over their

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d. Great Britain.

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3. Which of the following European nations was not debt-ridden and did not suffer questions from creditors during 2012?

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e. Germany

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4. The U.S. Constitution contains about _________ words.

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a. 4,300

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5. The United States Constitution was written in

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d. 1787.

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6. American colonists in the eighteenth century under Great Britain

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a. enjoyed freedoms denied most other people in the world at that time.

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7. The Declaration of Independence was based on input from many people, but its primary author was

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e. Thomas Jefferson.

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8. The idea that the people agree to establish rulers for certain purposes, but they have the right to resist or remove rulers who violate those purposes, is also known as

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b. social contract theory.

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9. In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson’s statement that “all men are created equal” is similar to which theorist’s belief that government is based on the “consent of the governed”?

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e. John Locke

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10. Which document proclaimed, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights”?

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c. The Declaration of Independence

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11. The “unalienable rights” identified by the Declaration of Independence are

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a. life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

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12. According to the Declaration of Independence, when a government fails to secure the people’s unalienable rights,

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b. it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it.

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13. A result of the Second Continental Congress was

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a. the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.

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14. Which of the following states was not present at the Second Continental Congress’ vote for independence?

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c. Rhode Island

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15. A greater percentage of the United States population died or was wounded during the Revolution than in any other U.S. conflict *except*

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c. the Civil War.

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16. A republic is a government

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a. resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives.

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17. A confederation can best be described as

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a. a loose association of independent states.

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18. The compact among the thirteen original colonies that established the United States in 1777 was known as the

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b. Articles of Confederation.

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19. The Articles of Confederation failed because

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a. they did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money.
b. they did not include an independent leader to direct the government.
c. they did not give the government the power to regulate commerce.
d. Options A, B, and C are true.

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20. To amend the Articles of Confederation required a

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e. unanimous vote.

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21. Shays’s Rebellion consisted of

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b. farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed.

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22. Shays’s Rebellion indicated the

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a. urgent need to maintain domestic order.

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23. Originally, the Constitutional Convention’s purpose was to

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c. revise the Articles of Confederation.

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24. A group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention proposed a powerful national government to replace the weak confederation of states. This was known as the

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b. Virginia Plan.

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25. The law-enforcing branch of government is known as the

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a. executive branch.

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26. A key component of the Virginia Plan was

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c. a strong national legislature.

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27. One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

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d. left unspecified how many people the executive might have.

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28. According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

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d. left unspecified how many people the executive might have.

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29. The Great Compromise provided for

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b. a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other.

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30. The Great Compromise was also known as the __________ Compromise because of the state delegation that initially proposed it.

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e. Connecticut

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31. Under the Constitution, if no candidate wins a majority of the electoral vote, then the president will be selected by the

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b. House of Representatives.

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32. When selecting the president, each state has a number of electors equal to

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c. the number of its representatives in Congress.

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33. Republicanism is a form of government in which power

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e. resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives.

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34. Federalism, or the division of power between a national government and regional units, stands in contrast to

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b. unitary government.

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35. The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

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d. a separation of powers.

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36. Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

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e. checks and balances.

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37. The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

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c. checks and balances.

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38. Article I of the Constitution refers to the

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b. legislative branch.

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39. The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

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b. Implied

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40. A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

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d. elastic

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41. Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

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c. The power to declare war

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42. Congress exercises a potential check on the judicial branch through its constitutional power to

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a. create or eliminate lower federal courts.

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43. Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

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d. for life.

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44. The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by referring to slaves as

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e. “all other Persons.”

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45. Under the Constitution, the slave trade

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c. could be ended after twenty years.

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46. Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

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e. Federalists.

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47. Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by__________ states:

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d. 9

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48. The Federalist papers were written by

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a. Alexander Hamilton.
b. John Jay.
d. James Madison.
e. Options A, B, and D are true.

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49. The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is

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e. their insight into the meaning of the Constitution.

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50. The primary goal of Federalist No. 10 was to demonstrate that the new government

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a. would not fall under the dominance of any one faction.

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51. The primary goal of Federalist No. 51 was to argue for

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d. the separation of powers and checks and balances.

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52. According to Madison in Federalist No. 10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

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e. unequal distribution of property.

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53. The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

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b. the omission of a bill of rights.

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54. The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution.

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b. ten

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55. The ________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

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c. Fourth

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56. The _________ protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

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d. Eighth Amendment

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57. Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution:

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e. twenty-seven

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58. The __________ Amendment prohibited slavery.

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a. Thirteenth

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59. According to the text, “it is hard to imagine a government framework better suited [than the Constitution] to __________.”

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b. the pluralist model

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60. After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

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b. social equality.