Us 1300 Exam 1

Front 1

Thomas Paine

Back 1

author of common sense

Front 2

George Washington

Back 2

President, federalist, not military leader but a good man, continental congress, war leader

Front 3

Thomas Jefferson

Back 3

Demo-republican, love of fine foods, president for the people(common), sec. of state

Front 4

James Madison

Back 4

Anti-federalist, government in the hands of the people, co-author of the federalist papers

Front 5

Alexander Hamilton

Back 5

Federalist, sec. of treasury, assessed the nations economy, NY born, power with wealthy and elite

Front 6

John Adams

Back 6

federalist, President, deaf to growing factionalism, XYZ affair, Alien and Sedition acts, "midnight" judges

Front 7

Tecumseh

Back 7

leader of Shawnee tribe and Iroquois confederacy

Front 8

James Monroe

Back 8

When pres, Era of good feeling- one party rule, Monroe doctrine- no European interference

Front 9

Henry Clay

Back 9

Leader of War hawks, American system, important politician- corrupt bargain

Front 10

John Marshall

Back 10

Chief justice, leans toward federal thinking, first to rule judicial review, Marbury v Madison judge

Front 11

John Quincy Adams

Back 11

Federalist>Demo-repub, Ghent, corrupt bargain, battled own party in congress

Front 12

Andrew Jackson

Back 12

Jacksonian democracy, led the battle of New Orleans>hero, Imperial pres, Vetoes everything, sends economy down the toilet, lassez-faire

Front 13

Martin Van Buren

Back 13

Selected by Jackson to succeed him, follows Jackson

Front 14

Nicholas Biddle

Back 14

Bank pres, Jackson blamed him for all of Americas debt

Front 15

Harrison

Back 15

war hero of 1812, pres for 30 days, got sick and died

Front 16

Webster

Back 16

Whig

Front 17

Calhoun

Back 17

Democrat

Front 18

Whigs

Back 18

strong central government, economic development, National bank, paper currency, ex. Webster, Clay and Harrison

Front 19

Federalists

Back 19

strong central government, nation over state, loose interpretation of constitution, power with wealthy and elite, pro-British, mob-fearing. Washington, Adams, Hamilton

Front 20

Democratic-Republicans

Back 20

Government controlled by the people, Strict interpretation of constitution, pro-French, farmers, local trade. Jefferson, Madison, Monroe

Front 21

navigation acts

Back 21

England controlling the movement of goods in and out of the colonies

Front 22

proclamation of 1763

Back 22

England limits settlement east past a certain point

Front 23

Grenville acts

Back 23

Stamp act: taxes of documents requiring a stamp. Quartering act: colonists required to house and provide for British soldiers

Front 24

Townshend acts

Back 24

small tax on tea and other things that the colonists are hyper aware of, colonists turn to violence and smuggling

Front 25

Intolerable Acts

Back 25

England trying to get more power with more taxes, it is taken as attempted slavery

Front 26

Land ordinance 1785

Back 26

survey before settlement, 6 miles square for township, 1/16th of town for school

Front 27

Northwest ordinance 1787

Back 27

federal government in charge of initial settlement on nationally gained land, ex. Louisiana purchase

Front 28

alien and sedition acts

Back 28

stifle acts against the government, detention of alien enemies

Front 29

non-intercourse act

Back 29

allows trade with only non-enemies

Front 30

embargo

Back 30

forbids exportation from america

Front 31

Tariff 1828, 1832, 1833

Back 31

high protective tariff that hurts southerners, SC responds and it is reduced twice

Front 32

Paris 1763

Back 32

after colonial wars, achieved colonial expansion

Front 33

Paris 1783

Back 33

after Revolution, England recognizes American independence, gain land, colonists agree to leave loyalists alone and to pay debts, French dont get anything

Front 34

Jays treaty

Back 34

facilitated peaceful trade between America and Britain

Front 35

Louisiana purchase

Back 35

$15mil, doubled American territory without war

Front 36

Treaty of Ghent

Back 36

negotiations are dropped, an indefinite suspension of hostilities

Front 37

Constitutional "great" compromise

Back 37

2 house legislature, house of reps(people vote, 2 yrs) and senate(state vote 6 yrs)

Front 38

3/5ths compromise

Back 38

African Americans count as 3/5ths person for voting, not taxed though

Front 39

Missouri compromise

Back 39

anything past Missouri is a free state, below is slave

Front 40

indentured servitude

Back 40

trade servitude for passage to america

Front 41

lifetime hereditary slavery

Back 41

makes slavery self-renewing

Front 42

mercantilism

Back 42

England controlling commercial interest in the colonies to keep the wealth within the empire

Front 43

committees of correspondence

Back 43

colonies come together with a network of revolutionary activity

Front 44

checks and balances

Back 44

3 branches of government, each with the power to check over the others

Front 45

loose vs. strict interpretation of the Constitution

Back 45

how the federalists vs. the anti-federalists applied the constitution

Front 46

war hawks

Back 46

Men that encouraged war with Britain in 1812, specifically Henry Clay

Front 47

clay's american system

Back 47

a tariff, a national bank, and federal subsidies, economic plan

Front 48

monroe doctrine

Back 48

no more European interference with America

Front 49

jackson bank war

Back 49

Jackson breaks down the "strong edifice" of the 2nd national bank and distributes the money to private banks

Front 50

nullification

Back 50

opposing federal law

Front 51

Bacon's rebellion

Back 51

Turned indentured servitude into full fledged slavery

Front 52

Albany Congress

Back 52

Join or die, first time the colonies came together, getting the Iroquois to abandon neutrality

Front 53

Stamp act congress

Back 53

congress to decide what should be done about the acts, sent petition to England with grievances and rights

Front 54

Boston tea party

Back 54

east india trade sells tea to america for cheap, colonists think its a trick to pay more taxes so they dump the tea into the harbor

Front 55

Battle of Saratoga

Back 55

victory here reassures the french, our support, that we have a chance at winning the war,

Front 56

Shay's Rebellion

Back 56

confirms the need for a stronger central government, farmers were losing farms to taxes so they became violent

Front 57

Whiskey Rebellion

Back 57

established that violent resistance to laws will not be tolerated, the government changed with the constitution. excise tax on whiskey affected farmers, got angry.

Front 58

Election of 1800

Back 58

represents the shift in two very different political philosophies, Adams>Jefferson, federalist>anti-federalist

Front 59

Hartford convention

Back 59

federalist convention, they ask for a reconsideration of the constitution, federalists die away

Front 60

Nullification crisis

Back 60

SC nullifies fed law and tariff, push for the right of states to oppose fed law, Jackson nullifies the nullification, tax reduced.