Us 1 Part 1 Westward Expansion

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civilization

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the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.

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disposession

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to put out of possession or occupancy

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reservations

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legal designation for an area of land managed by a Native American tribe under the US Bureau ofIndian Affairs, rather than the state governments of the United States in which they are physically located.

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colonization

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the act of settling a group of people in a new place

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cultural misunderstandings

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occurs when something--a word, gesture, object, social context, almost anything you can think of--has different meanings in two cultures.

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cultural exchange

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an intentional act of bringing two or more people together to exchange information about their differing backgrounds to understand each other. It can happen as a part of an official program or it can happen informally

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historical perspective

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A way someone looks at something taking into consideration all of the things that have happened with that thing in the past

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population shifts

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a change in the relative numbers of the different groups of individuals making up a population.

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migration

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movement from one part of something to another

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missionaries

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a person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to promote Christianity in a foreign country

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natural immunity

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immunity that is present without prior immunization.

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profit

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to gain an advantage or benefit

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material gains

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something you take, receive, or earn with material value

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commodity

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a useful or valuable thing, such as water or time

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language barrier

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figurative phrase used primarily to indicate the difficulties faced when people who have no language in common attempt to communicate with each other

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alliances

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a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations.

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trading relationships

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the act or an instance of buying and selling goods and services either on the domestic (wholesale and retail) markets or on the international (import, export, and entrepôt) markets

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raids

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a sudden attack on an enemy by troops, aircraft, or other armed forces in warfare.

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converts

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cause to change in form, character, or function.

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personal liberty

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the freedom of the individual to do as he pleases limited only by the authority of politically organized society to regulate his action to secure the public health, safety, or morals or of other recognized social interests.

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tyranny

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cruel and oppressive government or rule

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oppression

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prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control

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representative government

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denoted as a system in which people elect their lawmakers (representatives), who are then held accountable to them for their activity within government.

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individual land ownership

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is the name given, particularly in common law systems, to the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land

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national identity

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a sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language.

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racial superiority

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a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce a feeling that one race is better than the other

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people of color

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persons of color, sometimes abbreviated POC) is a term used primarily in the United States to describe any person who is not white. The term encompasses all non-white groups, emphasizing common experiences of racism.

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homesteads

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a person's or family's residence, which comprises the land, house, and outbuildings, and in most states is exempt from forced sale for collection of debt

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annexation

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adding to something larger, especially the incorporation of new territory into the domain of a city, country, or state.

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assimilation

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The process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group: “Waves of immigrants have been assimilated into the American culture.”

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land speculators

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People who buy a big space of land and sell for a profitable value

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social opportunity

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refers to the idea that people have different opportunities based on their social networks and the overall environment in which they live.

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erosion

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the gradual destruction or diminution of something.

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mineral rushes

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where the discover of mineral-bearing ore (ex gold or silver) sparks a mass migration of individuals seeking wealth in the new mining region.

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transcontinental railroad

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train route across the United States, finished in 1869

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extermination

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killing, especially of a whole group of people or animals.