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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Anuria
Absence of urine production
Azotemia
Lab finding of increased NPN compounds in blood
Usually BUN and creatinine
Pre-Renal Azotemia
Increased NPN in blood d/t reduced renal perfusion or increased production of BUN or creatinine
Renal Azotemia
Increased NPN in blood d/t renal dz
Post-Renal Azotemia
Increased NPN in blood d/t impaired excretion of urine
"Back up" into tubules w/ resulting reabsorption
Casts
Accumulations of cells, proteins, and/or glycoproteins from renal tubules appearing in urine
Chronic kidney dz
Kidney dz that has persisted for >3mths

Further renal compensation and hypertrophy are unlikely beyond that point
Chronic Renal Failure
Chronic kidney dz that has progressed to where regulatory, excretory, and endocrine fxns are not maintained
>75% reduction in GFR
Dysuria
Difficult or painful urination
Same as stranguria
Glomerulonephropathy
Dz primarily affecting glomeruli of nephron

Characterized by marked proteinuria
Hematuria
>5 RBC/hpf

Up to 500/hpf may not appear grossly red!
External Urethral Sphincter (vs. Internal)
The somatic one you can control
Hypogastric Nerve
Used for urine storage
Pelvic Nerve
Used for urination
Pudendal Nerve
Used for urethral constriction
Hypersthenuria
USG >1.012

But, usually used to describe USG >1.030 in dog and >1.035 in cat (means normal concentrating ability)
Hyposthenuria
USG < 1.008
Isosthenuria
USG 1.008-1.012

Means renal failure, or an animal that is "just right"
Kidney Dz
Morphologic or Fxnl lesions in one or both kidneys

Not the same as renal failure
Micturition
Storage and Voiding of urine
Oliguria
Urine production < 1mL/kg/hr

(Less severe than anuria)
Osmolality
Osmotically active particles in 1kg water

Plasma normally 280-310mOsm/kg
Pollakiuria
Frequent voiding of urine
Usually small volume

Often seen w/ LUTI b/c of feeling of urgency
PU/PD
PU- >50mL/kg/day
PD- >100mL/kg/day
Pyuria
WBC >3/hpf
Stranguria
Slow and painful discharge of urine characterized by straining
Same as dysuria
Uremia
Renal failure seen w/ extra-urinary signs due to the failure

v+, encephalopathy, ulceration of mouth and GIT, anuria, poor appetite, anorexia