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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anuria
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Absence of urine production
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Azotemia
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Lab finding of increased NPN compounds in blood
Usually BUN and creatinine |
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Pre-Renal Azotemia
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Increased NPN in blood d/t reduced renal perfusion or increased production of BUN or creatinine
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Renal Azotemia
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Increased NPN in blood d/t renal dz
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Post-Renal Azotemia
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Increased NPN in blood d/t impaired excretion of urine
"Back up" into tubules w/ resulting reabsorption |
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Casts
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Accumulations of cells, proteins, and/or glycoproteins from renal tubules appearing in urine
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Chronic kidney dz
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Kidney dz that has persisted for >3mths
Further renal compensation and hypertrophy are unlikely beyond that point |
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Chronic Renal Failure
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Chronic kidney dz that has progressed to where regulatory, excretory, and endocrine fxns are not maintained
>75% reduction in GFR |
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Dysuria
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Difficult or painful urination
Same as stranguria |
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Glomerulonephropathy
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Dz primarily affecting glomeruli of nephron
Characterized by marked proteinuria |
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Hematuria
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>5 RBC/hpf
Up to 500/hpf may not appear grossly red! |
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External Urethral Sphincter (vs. Internal)
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The somatic one you can control
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Hypogastric Nerve
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Used for urine storage
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Pelvic Nerve
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Used for urination
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Pudendal Nerve
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Used for urethral constriction
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Hypersthenuria
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USG >1.012
But, usually used to describe USG >1.030 in dog and >1.035 in cat (means normal concentrating ability) |
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Hyposthenuria
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USG < 1.008
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Isosthenuria
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USG 1.008-1.012
Means renal failure, or an animal that is "just right" |
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Kidney Dz
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Morphologic or Fxnl lesions in one or both kidneys
Not the same as renal failure |
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Micturition
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Storage and Voiding of urine
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Oliguria
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Urine production < 1mL/kg/hr
(Less severe than anuria) |
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Osmolality
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Osmotically active particles in 1kg water
Plasma normally 280-310mOsm/kg |
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Pollakiuria
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Frequent voiding of urine
Usually small volume Often seen w/ LUTI b/c of feeling of urgency |
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PU/PD
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PU- >50mL/kg/day
PD- >100mL/kg/day |
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Pyuria
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WBC >3/hpf
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Stranguria
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Slow and painful discharge of urine characterized by straining
Same as dysuria |
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Uremia
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Renal failure seen w/ extra-urinary signs due to the failure
v+, encephalopathy, ulceration of mouth and GIT, anuria, poor appetite, anorexia |