Uro, Vasc, Gyn, Hernia

Front 1

markers for non-seminomatous testicular cancer

Back 1

AFP and βHCG

Front 2

Testicular mass: next step

Back 2

Biopsy is orchiectomy via inguinal incision

NEVER transscrotal

Front 3

Seminoma: treatment

Back 3

Very radiosensitive.

Even Stage I gets RT (bc 25% with occult mets)

If node positive --> add platinum chemo.

Front 4

Most testicular tumors are (malignant, benign)

Back 4

malignant

Front 5

testicular torsion: tx

Back 5

Bilateral orchiopexy (permanent fixation)

Front 6

Cryptorchidism is aka

Back 6

undescended testicle

Front 7

Cryptorchidism : tx

Back 7

orchiopexy

Front 8

orchiopexy as tx for Cryptorchidism : how does it affect
A) Fertility
B) Cancer risk

Back 8

A) Increases
B) DOES NOT DECREASE

Front 9

orchiopexy as tx for Cryptorchidism: what age?

Back 9

around 2

Front 10

Varicocele more common on ___

Back 10

left because L gonadal vein drains to L renal vein

Front 11

Ureteral injury: how to diagnose?

Back 11

retrograde urethrogram

Front 12

Ureteral injury: tx

Back 12

avoid ureteral dissection

use absorbable suture

stent and drain

Front 13

Where does R testicular vein drain?

Back 13

directly into IVC (L drains into L renal)

Front 14

Prostate cancer: where does it mets?

Back 14

Bone. OsteoBLASTIC. Radio-dense

Front 15

What causes struvite (staghorn) stone?

Back 15

proteus infection (bc produces urease)

Front 16

Most common type of kidney stone

Back 16

oxalate

Front 17

Renal Cell Cancer triad

Back 17

1) Abdominal pain (due to stretching of capsule)

2) Mass

3) Hematuria

Front 18

Renal Cell Cancer : what paraneoplastic syndromes

Back 18

erythrocytosis due to increased release of EPO.

Front 19

Most common peripheral aneursym

Back 19

popliteal

Front 20

Popliteal aneursym: what are risks?

Back 20

emboli and thrombosis

Front 21

Popliteal aneursym: treatment

Back 21

bypass

Front 22

Most common visceral aneurysm

Back 22

splenic

Front 23

When are splenic aneurysms treated?

Back 23

1) If > 2cm
2) childbearing age or planning preg
3) Symptomaic

Front 24

If there is bloody diarrhea in first few days after AAA repair, what should be considered?

Back 24

Ischemic colon due to loss of IMA. Must do sigmoidoscopy

Front 25

Claudication: initial treatment

Back 25

smoking cessation

exercise

pentoxifylline

Front 26

#1 CN injury with carotid endarterectomy

Back 26

damage to vagus n --> hoarseness

Front 27

fibromuscular dysplasia: typical patient

Back 27

young woman

Front 28

fibromuscular dysplasia: most likely artery involved

Back 28

R renal

Front 29

fibromuscular dysplasia: symptoms

Back 29

HTN (especially in young woman)

Front 30

fibromuscular dysplasia: tx

Back 30

angioplasty

Front 31

Krukenberg tumor: defn

Back 31

colon or stomach cancer metastasis to ovary. See signet cells on path

Front 32

Meig syndrome: triad

Back 32

Triad
1) ascites
2) pleural effusion/ hydrothorax
3) benign ovarian tumor

Front 33

Meig syndrome: tx

Back 33

resection of benign ovarian tumor

Front 34

Appendicitis in pregnanacy: what happens?

Back 34

50% deliver premature

fetal moratality 2-8%, maternal mortality 1%

Front 35

Endometriosis involving rectum: what happens?

Back 35

rectal bleed, irregular menses, pelvic pain, bluish mass on proctoscopy

Front 36

Endometriosis: treatment

Back 36

hormonal therapy

Front 37

Howship romberg sign

Back 37

inner thigh pain with internal rotation. obturator hernia

Front 38

Nerve that traverses inguinal canal providing sensation for superomedial thigh and scrotum

Back 38

ileoinguinal

Front 39

n that runs on spermatic cord to cremaster (motor) and scrotum (but not leg)

Back 39

genitofemoral

Front 40

Where is femoral hernia located?

Back 40

MEDIAL to vein, artery and nerve (NAVEL) - the empty space is for a hernia

Front 41

Spigelian hernia: tx

Back 41

repair ALL because it often incarcerates bowel