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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do kidneys do?
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Produce urine
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What do the ureters do?
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Transport urine to bladder
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What does bladder store?
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Urine
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What transports urine to outside of body?
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Urethra
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Functions of kidneys
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1. Excretion
2. Regulate BV & pressure 3. Regulate concentration of solutes in B 4. Regulate pH of extracellular fluid 5. Regulate RBC synthesis 6. Vitamin D production |
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Two layers of the kidney
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Cortex & medulla
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How much blood do kidneys receive?
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Apprx 25% right out of heart
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What extends into the medulla between the renal pyramids?
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Renal colums
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What do the tips of the renal pryamids form?
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Minor calyces
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Where do the minor & major calyces open into?
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minor - open into major calyces
major - open into renal pelvis |
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Where does renal pelvis lead?
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To ureter
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How many nephrons are in the kidney?
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Approx 1 million per kidney
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Where does nephron empty?
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Into a collecting duct (the ducts merge).
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Functional part of kidney
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Nephron
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Parts of nephron:
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Renal corpuscle
Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule |
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What is the renal corpuscle?
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Bowman's capsule & glomerulus
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Where does blood go after leaving the glomerulus?
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Bowman's capsule
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Where does nephron empty?
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Thru distal convoluted tubule into a collecting duct
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Where do the collecting ducts empty?
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Into papillayr ducts, which empty into minor calyces
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What does the glomerulus do?
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It filters, strains off the extra fluid, keeping RBC, WBC & platelets via filtration.
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Juxtamedullary nephrons
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At cortex-medulla junction.
Have loops of Henle Involved in production of concentrated urine |
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What does filtration membrane consist of?
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Endothelium of glomerular capillaries
Basement membrane Podocytes w/filtration slits |
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How many capillary beds do neprhons have?
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Two: glomerulus & peritubular caps
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What feeds and drains the glomerulus?
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Afferent arteriole feeds it
Efferent drains it |
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Why is BP in glomerulus high?
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Arterioles are hi-resistance vessles
Afferent arts. have larger diameter than efferent |
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Renal artery
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Enters kidney & branches many times, forming afferent arterioles - supplies glomerulus
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Efferent arterioles from glomerulus
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Supply peritubular caps and vasa recta
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Peritubular caps & vasa recta
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join small veins that join to form renal vein - exits kidney
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Flow of blood through kidney
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1. Renal artery
2. Branch of renal artery 3. Afferent arterioles 4. Glomerulus 5. Efferent arteriole 6. Peritubular caps 7. Vasa recta 8. Branch of renal vein 9. Renal vein |
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What does filtrate contain?
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All plasma components except protein.
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What does filtration lose?
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Loses water, nutrients & essential ions to become urine.
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What does urine contain?
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metabolic wastes & unneeded substances
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How is urine produced?
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Filtration
Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion |
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What is glomerular filtration rate?
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The amt of filtrate produced per minute
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What is filtrate?
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Plasma minus blood cells, platelets and blood proteins
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