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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Af
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to
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Calyc
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Small cup
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Cort
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covering
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Cyst
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Bladder
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Detrus
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to force away
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Glom
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Little ball
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Juxta
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Near to
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Mict
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to pass urine
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Nephr
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pertaining to the kidney
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Papill
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Nipple
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Prox
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Nearest
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Ren
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Kidney
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Trigon
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Triangular shape
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What is the renal madulla composed of?
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Masses of tissue called renal pyramids
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Main functions of the kidneys?
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*Regulate volume, composition and pH of body fluids
*Remove metabollic waste from the blood *Secrete erythropoietin to help control RBC formation *Secrete renin to regulate blood pressure |
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What is a nephron?
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Functional unit of the kidney.
Consist of a renal corpuscle and a renal tube |
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How is blood supplied to a nephron?
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Afferent arteriole, glomerous
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Steps of urine formation
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Filtration
Secretion Absorption |
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Urinary Exrection Formula
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Urinary Excretion =
Glomerular Filtration + Tubular Secretion - Tubular Reabsorption |
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What is the job of the juxtamedullary nephrons?
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Regulate water balance
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*Liver produces & releases angiotensinogen
*Renin from kidney reacts w/ angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I *Lung stimulates & release enzyme ACE - angiotensin-converting enzyme which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II |
Renin Angiotensin System
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Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
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*Describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney
*Directly proportional to the net filtration pressure *Controlled largely by sympathetic nervous system |
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What effect does Afferent arteriolar constriction have on the GFR?
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Decreases GFR
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What effect does Efferent arteriolar constriction have on the GFR?
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Increases GFR
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What is the rule of thumb regarding movement of sodium and water?
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If sodium reabsorption increases/decrease, water reabsorption increases/decrease
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How does caffeine & alchohol function as a diuretic?
(diuretics are chemicals that promote urine production) |
Caffeine - Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium ions or other solutes in parts of the renal tubules
Alcohol - promotes urine formation by inhibitng ADH release |
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What is micturition?
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Urination
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Where is the micturition center located?
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Sacral portion of the spinal cord
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Absence of urine due to failure of kidney function or to an obstruction in a urinary pathway
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Anuria
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Surgical removal of the urinary bladder
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Cystectomy
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Inflammation of the urinary bladder
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Cystitis
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Increased production of urine
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Diuresis
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Substance that increases urine production
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Diuretic
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Painful or difficult urination
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Dysuria
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Blood in the urine
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Hematuria
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Inability to control urination and/or defecation reflexes
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Incontinence
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Exess urine
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Polyuria
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Condition in which substances ordinarily excreted in the urine accumulate in the blood
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Uremia
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