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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does blood filtration take place in the kidney, and what powers the filtration?
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At the glomeruli, driven by blood pressure
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What does the outer and inner layer of the glomerular capsule made of?
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Outer: epithelial cells
Inner: podocytes |
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Where is the first place that blood gets filtered in the kidneys, what structures does it pass through? What is this process called? What is able to pass through the glomerulus?
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glomerulus to podocytes (on the inner wall of the glomerular capsule or Bowman's capusle) to proximal convoluted tube, called glomerular filtration, produces a flitrate of the blood (H20, urea, glucose, amino acids, uric acids, salts)
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What part of the nephron is responsible for ion exchange? What is it missing that gives it this funciton?
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distal convoluted tubule, it lacks microvilli
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What gives renal pyramids their appearance?
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Collecting ducts located in the renal medulla
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Article: A dying patient
What were the 2 ways they used to stop Jakes bleeding from his prostate cancer? What did they use to get his hematocrit back up? |
Fomaldehyde
Aminocaproic acid (amicar) Erythropoeitin |
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What are you supposed to remember about the bad blood article?
In the article, what four ions maintain the acid-base balance of the blood? What 2 systems keep these in place |
escherichia coli
sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate Kidneys and endocrine system |
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what would having a low bicarbonate tell you?
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The blood was much too acidic
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In the article about bad blood, Casey's blood test showed 2 things that suggested her kidneys were not doing their job, what was the test and what were the 2 things wrong?
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Blood urea nitrogen test and creatinine were abnormal
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Bad blood: When can escherichia coli be good?
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Makes vitamin K, but toxin producing strains of e-coli can be deadly
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Bad Blood: Casey's increase of what could cause her heart to beat irregularly or stop?
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increase of potassium
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In a lack of blood flow, what do the kidneys do?
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Release lots of renin to boost blood pressure!
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In bad blood what was Casey's diagnosis? What causes this syndrome?
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hemolytic uremic syndrome: E-coli infects the digestive tract and releases verotoxin which goes to the bloodstream and causes 2 things: damages endothelial cells and platelet count goes down, and naroows the blood vessels. When the BV's narrow, RBC's try to squeeze through, this causes them to burst (hemolytic) The uremic part is becaus the blood can't flow through the kidneys, the production of urine slows to a trickle or stops completely, waste products build up in the blood stream (including urea) and cause uremia.
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What is uremia?
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The build up of waste products in teh bloodstream from lack of blood flow to the kidneys (kidney failure)
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what is responsible for producing verotoxin and what could you get it from?
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Escherichia coli infects digestive tract and produces verotoxin
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Bad Blood: What was Casey's treatment for her disorder? Name the treatment and the disorder
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peritoneal dialysis, hemolytic uremic syndrome
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What is aldosterone responsible for?
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regulating the water-salt balance of the blood
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HF: What is the condition called when the anatomical structure that adds a fluid to semen begins to enlarge? What does this cause.
what do they do to treat it? |
Benign prostatic hyperplaia/hypertrophy (BPH), cuases the prostate to squeeze the urethra cuasing urine to back up--first into the bladder then into the ureters.
TURP: Transurethral resection of the prostate |
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HF: What is prostate enlargement due to?
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Prostate enzyme (5a-reductase)
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What is another name for urination?
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Mictation
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