Urinary System

Front 1

ureter

Back 1

carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Front 2

urinary bladder

Back 2

holds urine until it is released

Front 3

urethra

Back 3

carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Front 4

urinary meatus

Back 4

opening from the urethra to the outside of the body

Front 5

glomerulus

Back 5

collection of capillaries shaped like a tiny ball, starts the process of blood filtration

Front 6

Bowman's capsule

Back 6

surrounds each glomerulus

Front 7

renal tubule

Back 7

attached to each bowmans capsule and is the side of absorption and re-absorption

Front 8

nephron

Back 8

functional unit of the kidney, made up of the glomerulus, renal tubule, bowman's capsule, and capillaries. urine producing unit

Front 9

renal pelvis

Back 9

reservoir in the kidney that collects urine

Front 10

Steps to the formation of urine

Back 10

1. Glomerular filtration

2. Tubular reabsorption

3. Tubular secretion

Front 11

cyst/o

Back 11

urinary bladder

Front 12

dips/o

Back 12

thirst

Front 13

glycos/o, glyc/o

Back 13

glucose, sugar

Front 14

hydr/o

Back 14

water

Front 15

glomerul/o

Back 15

glomerulus

Front 16

lith/o

Back 16

stone

Front 17

nephr/o, ren/o

Back 17

kidney

Front 18

pyel/o

Back 18

renal pelvis

Front 19

noct/o

Back 19

night

Front 20

olig/o

Back 20

scanty

Front 21

py/o

Back 21

pus

Front 22

ureter/o

Back 22

ureter

Front 23

urethr/o

Back 23

urethra

Front 24

ur/o, urin/o

Back 24

urine

Front 25

vesic/o

Back 25

urinary bladder

Front 26

-algia

Back 26

pain

Front 27

-cele

Back 27

hernia

Front 28

-graphy

Back 28

process of recording

Front 29

-poietin

Back 29

substance that forms

Front 30

-scopy

Back 30

visual examination

Front 31

-stenosis

Back 31

tightening, stricture

Front 32

-stomy

Back 32

new opening, to form a mouth

Front 33

-tripsy

Back 33

to crush (lithotripsy-to crush a kidney stone)

Front 34

-uria

Back 34

urination, urine condition

Front 35

dys-

Back 35

bad, painful, difficult

Front 36

poly-

Back 36

many, much

Front 37

cystic

Back 37

pertaining to the urinary bladder

Front 38

genitourinary (GU)

Back 38

pertaining to the organs of the reproduction and urinary systems

Front 39

micturition

Back 39

process of releasing urine from the bladder

Front 40

nephric

Back 40

pertaining to the kidney

Front 41

ureteral

Back 41

pertaining to the ureter

Front 42

urethral

Back 42

pertaining to the urethra

Front 43

urinary

Back 43

pertaining to urine

Front 44

urinate

Back 44

to release urine from the bladder

Front 45

albuminuria

Back 45

albumin (protien) in the urine

Front 46

bacteriuria

Back 46

bacteria in the urine

Front 47

glycosuria

Back 47

glucose in the urine

Front 48

hematuria

Back 48

blood in the urine

Front 49

proteinuria

Back 49

protein the in urine

Front 50

pyuria

Back 50

pus in the urine

Front 51

diuresis

Back 51

condition of excreting increased amounts of urine

Front 52

dysuria

Back 52

painful urination

Front 53

enuresis

Back 53

involuntary discharge of urine

Front 54

nocturia

Back 54

urination at night

Front 55

oliguira

Back 55

scanty, low urine output

Front 56

polyuria

Back 56

frequent urination

Front 57

stress urinary incontinence

Back 57

involuntary discharge of urine during coughing, straining, or sudden movements. more common in women

Front 58

urinary retention

Back 58

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder due to inability to empty the bladder, more common in men

Front 59

cystolith

Back 59

stone in the bladder

Front 60

hydronephrosis

Back 60

buildup of urine in the kidneys caused by obstruction of urine flow; usually due to a stone or stricture

Front 61

hydroureter

Back 61

buildup of urine in the ureters caused by obstruction of urine flow, usually due to a stone or stricture

Front 62

nephrolithiasis

Back 62

condition of stones in the kidney

Front 63

renal calculus

Back 63

stone in the kidney

Front 64

ureterolith

Back 64

stone in the ureter

Front 65

renal hypertension

Back 65

high blood pressure that results from kidney disease; chronic hypertension damages arteries and results in stroke, heart attack, heart failure and renal failure.

Front 66

End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

Back 66

the final phase of chronic kidney disease

Front 67

renal failure

Back 67

an acute (ARF) or chronic (CRF) condition in which the kidney fails to excre te urine

Front 68

polycystic kidney disease

Back 68

hereditary condition usually manifested in adulthood, many cysts occur within and upon the kidneys, resulting in the loss of functional tissue

Front 69

renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)

Back 69

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood, wilms tumor in children

Front 70

diabetes insipidus

Back 70

lack of response of kidneys to ADH. Prevents water from being absorbed into the blood through the renal tubules. polydipsia, polyuria

Front 71

diabetes mellitus

Back 71

inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin. glycosuria, hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia

Front 72

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Back 72

blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood. Is abnormal when kidney is diseased or fails, increased urea can lead to unconsciousness and death

Front 73

creatinine clearance test

Back 73

test done to measure the total amount of creatinine excreted in the urine. indicates kidneys ability to clear creatinine from the blood.

Front 74

urinalysis (UA)

Back 74

series of tests done to analyze a sample of urine

Front 75

cystography

Back 75

process of making a radiologic recording of the bladder

Front 76

intravenous pyelography

Back 76

process of making an xray of the irninary tract after injection of a contrast dye into the bloodstream

Front 77

cytoscopy

Back 77

examination of the bladder by endoscopy through the urethra

Front 78

nephrography

Back 78

process of making a radiologic recording (x-ray) of the kidney

Front 79

nephroscopy

Back 79

examination of the kidney by endoscopy

Front 80

nephrosonography

Back 80

process of making a recording of the kidneys using sound waves

Front 81

cystoplasty

Back 81

repair of the bladder

Front 82

cystorrhaphy

Back 82

suturing of the bladder

Front 83

pyeloplasty

Back 83

repair of the renal pelvis

Front 84

urethroplasty

Back 84

repair of the urethra

Front 85

hemodialysis

Back 85

removal of waste products from the blood by pumping the blood through a machine that works as an artificial kidney

Front 86

peritoneal dialysis

Back 86

removal of waste products in the blood or impurities from the body by using the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity as a filter

Front 87

cystolithotomy

Back 87

incision into the bladder to remove a stone

Front 88

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 88

breaking up of renal or ureteral calculi by focused ultrasound energy

Front 89

nephrolithotomy

Back 89

incision into the kidney to remove a stone

Front 90

pyelolithotomy

Back 90

incision into the renal pelvis to remove a stone

Front 91

antibacterial

Back 91

used to destroy or prevent bacteria

Front 92

antibiotic

Back 92

acts against susceptible microorganisms

Front 93

diuretic

Back 93

increases the amount of urine secreted

Front 94

urinary analgesic

Back 94

relieves pain within the urinary system

Front 95

nephrology

Back 95

medical specialty focusing on the study and treatment of kidney conditions

Front 96

nephrologist

Back 96

physician who specializes in nephrology

Front 97

urology

Back 97

medical specialty focusing on the study and treatment of conditions of the urinary system

Front 98

urologist

Back 98

physician who specializes in urology