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95 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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ADH
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antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin
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ARF
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acute renal failure
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BILI
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bilirubin
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BUN
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blood urea nitrogen
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CAPD
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
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Cath
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catheter, catheterization
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CCPD
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continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis
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Cl-
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chloride
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CRF
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chronic renal failure or progressive loss of kidney function
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cysto
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cystoscopic examination
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ESRD
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end-stage renal disease, or a period during which serum creatinine and BUN levels continue to rise and there is impairment of all body systems
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ESWL
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extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
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HCO3
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bicarbonate – an electrolyte conserved by the kidney
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hemodialysis
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HD
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IC
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interstitial cystitis, or chronic inflammation of the bladder wall, not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy
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IVP
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intravenous pyelogram
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K+
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potassium
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KUB
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kidney, ureter, and bladder
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Na+
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sodium, an electrolyte
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PD
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peritoneal dialysis
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pH
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symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity
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PKU
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phenylketonuria
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specific gravity
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sp gr
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UA
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urinalysis
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UTI
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urinary tract infection
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VCUG
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voiding cystourethrogram
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The path of urine formation from efferent renal arterioles to the point at which urine leaves the body (8 anatomical designations)
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glomerulus, Bowman capsule, renal tubule, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, urinary meatus
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"Grow big red radishes using unusually useful urns"
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pertaining to the calyx
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caliceal
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a nitrogenous waste excreted in urine, with high levels associated with gouty arthritis
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uric acid
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narrowing of urinary meatus
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urinary meatal stenosis
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hernia of the urinary bladder
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cystocele
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inflammation of the trigone (triangular area where the ureters enter and urethra exits)
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trigonitis
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new opening between the ureter and the ileum where urine leaves the body through an ileostomy (a new ileal conduit after cystectomy)
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ureteroileostomy
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narrowing of urethra
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urethral stricture
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backflow of urine from bladder into ureter
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vesicoureteral reflux
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a nitrogenous waste produced as a result of muscle metabolism and excreted in urine
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creatinine
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inner, middle section of kidney
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medullary
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outer section of kidney
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cortical
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excess nitrogenous waste in the bloodstream (2 terms)
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azotemia; uremia
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condition of much thirst
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polydipsia
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excessive urination at night
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nocturia
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inability to hold urine in bladder
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urinary incontinence
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scanty urination
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oliguria
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bacteria in urine (sign of infection)
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bacteriuria
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protein in urine (2 terms for this)
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albuminuria or proteinuria
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bedwetting
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enuresis
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inability to release urine from bladder
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urinary retention
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painful urination
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dysuria
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excessive urination
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polyuria or diuresis
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sugar in the urine
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glycosuria
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abnormal condition of ketone bodies in urine and body tissues
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ketosis
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no urination
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anuria
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What is the difference between hematuria and uremia?
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Hematuria means blood in the urine. Uremia means a toxic condition of excess nitrogenous waste (urea) in the bloodstream.
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What is diuresis?
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Diuresis is polyuria, or excess production of urine.
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What is a diuretic?
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A diuretic is a drug or chemical that causes diuresis to occur.
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sediment
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abnormal particles present in the urine – cells, bacteria, casts, and crystals.
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high levels of a substance appear in urine when a baby is born with a deficiency of an enzyme. The infant can become mentally retarded if she or he is not put on a strict diet that prevents the substance from accumulating in the blood and urine
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phenylketonuria
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color of the urine is smoky-red owing to the presence of blood
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hematuria
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urine is turbid (cloudy) owing to the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and pus
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pyuria
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sugar in the urine – a symptom of diabetes mellitus and a result of hyperglycemia
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glycosuria
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This urine test reflects the acidity or alkalinity of the urine
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pH
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High levels of acids and acetones accumulate in the urine as a result of abnormal fat catabolism
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ketonuria
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Dark pigment accumulates in urine as a result of liver or gallbladder disease
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bilirubinuria
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This urine test reflects the concentration of the urine
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albuminuria
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Kidneys do not produce urine
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renal failure
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Multiple fluid-filled sacs form in and on the kidney
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polycystic kidney
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Inflammation of connective tissue lying between the renal tubules
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interstitial nephritis
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Kidney stones
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nephrolithiasis
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Malignant tumor of the kidneys in adults
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renal cell carcinoma
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Inflammation of kidney and renal pelvis (bacterial infection from the gastrointestinal tract)
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pyelonephritis
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Malignant tumor of the kidney seen in children
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Wilms tumor
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Proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia (a kidney damaged by disease; nephrosis)
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nephrotic syndrome
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High blood pressure caused by kidney disease
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renal hypertension
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High blood pressure that is idiopathic
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essential hypertension
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swelling and fluid in tissues
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edema
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a narrowed area in a tube
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stricture
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a collection of pus
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abscess
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inadequate secretion of insulin or improper utilization of insulin leads to this condition
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diabetes mellitus
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high blood pressure caused by kidney disease or another disease
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secondary hypertension
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a tube for withdrawing or giving fluid
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catheter
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inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone
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diabetes insipidus
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prolapse of a kidney
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nephroptosis
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severe pain resulting from a stone that is blocking a ureter or a kidney
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renal colic
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Dialysate (Fluid) is injected into the peritoneal cavity and then drained out
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CAPD or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
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When levels of this test are high, renal disease is suspected
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BUN or blood, urea, nitrogen
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contrast is injected into veins and x-rays are taken of the kidneys and urinary tract
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IVP or intravenous pyelogram
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This endoscopic procedure is used to examine the interior of the urinary bladder.
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cysto, short for cystoscopy
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Specific gravity, color, protein, glucose, and pH are all parts of this test.
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UA, or urinalysis.
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Bacterial invasion leads to this condition, of which acute cystitis is an example.
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UTI, or urinary tract infection.
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This condition involves severe kidney failure, with impairment of body systems.
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ESRD, or end-stage renal disease
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This electrolyte is secreted by renal tubules into the urine.
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K+, or potassium
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A patient’s blood is filtered through a machine to remove nitrogenous wastes.
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HD, or hemodialysis
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incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis
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pyelolithotomy
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What is antidiuretic hormone?
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A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that normally helps water to reabsorb back into the bloodstream and body tissues.
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X-rays are taken of the urinary bladder and urethra while a patient is urinating
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VCU, or voiding cystourethrogram
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