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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how much does the renal pelvis hold
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5-7 cc if yrube
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uric acid =
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Nitrogen plus hydrogen (protien)
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mannitol
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moves toxic substance thru kidney fast
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kidneys recieve ____% of cardiac output
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25
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what do the kidneys metabolize?
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calcium, insulin, gastrin
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5 steps of excretion of met. wastes
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glomerulus, proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, void.
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normal GFR
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85-135 ml/min
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creatinine clearance formula
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cc= urine creat x Urine vol
--------------- ------------ plasma creat minutes |
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to correct CC based on weight
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cc x 1.73
------ bsa |
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high protien increases what?
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your BUN
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when bp is low the kidneys secrete
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renin
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renin stimulates the production of
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angiotenson
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angiotenson causes
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blood vessels to constrict
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angiotenson stimulates the secretion of
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aldosterone
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aldosterone causes
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the kidneys to retain sodium and water
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osmotic diuretics
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osmoglyn
isosorbide mannitol urea |
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loop diuretics
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bumex, edecrin, lasix, demadex
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loops do what?
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produce renal blood flow, do not spare anything
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thiazide do what
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inhibit reabsorption in distal tubule
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thiazides
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hydrodiuril, diuril, zaroxolyn
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K sparing
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aldactone, dyrenium, midamor used to counteract loss of k
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gastrin regulates
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stomach acid
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parathyroid hormone causes?
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release of vitamin d2 and d3 that drives up the Ca++
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erythropoitin regulates
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RBC production
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nephrotoxic drugs
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sporins, aminoglycosides, sulfo, amphoter, cisplatin, captopril, nsaids, rifampin, heavy metals
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gfr for normal renal
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90 and up
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gfr for kidney damage
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60-90
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renal impairment gfr
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40-60
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renal insufficiencey gfr
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15-40
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renal failure gfr
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less than 15
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renal impairmentn description
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no symtoms, labs w/ low gfr (50) serum BUN is high normal, creatinine is less than 2
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renal insufficiency description
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symptomatic with diet or metabolic stress. nocturia, anorexia, n, fatigue. GFR 15-40 elevated crea/bun, HCT de crease
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renal failure description
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always symptomatic, urine output decrease, fluid retention, hypertension, crea/bun 5/50 metabolic acidosis, k up, po4 up, ca down, hgb down.
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ESRD descript
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gfr less 5, creat/bun high, mg up, na, up, dont buy otc mag.
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kusmals
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metabolic acidosis
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calcium think of
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airway / heart
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k think of
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heart
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na think of
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brain
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pre-renal axotomia caused by
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perfusion
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tx of pre-renal azotomia
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give volume, antibiotics, treat obstruction, fix pump.
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post-renal azotemia caused by
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obstruction
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post-renal acute tx
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fix obstruction
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intrinsic failure causes
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renal hypoperfusion, nephrotoxins, hemolysis, glomerulonephritis, necrosis
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drugs associated with acute renal failure
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nsaids, ace inhibitors, aminoglycosides, cocaine, acyclovir, sulfa, penicillins, cephalosporins,
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four stages of acute renal failure
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onset, oliguric, diuretic, convalescent
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protien becomes?
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nitrogenous waste
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2 causes of chronic renal failure
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htn, dm
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2 killers of renal pt
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heart and sepsis
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management of renal failure
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electrolyte balance, neuro stability, prevent infection, reg bp, prevent med toxicity, psychosocial stability
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bladder exstrophy
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bladder outside/ worry about infection
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bladder exstrophy also comes alot of times with?
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chordae and epispadious
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epispadious and hypospadious
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hole above penis or under
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cryptorchidism
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undiscended testicle
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phimosis
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foreskin not retractable
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chordee
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penis attached to scrotum like being tongue tied
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protien becomes?
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nitrogenous waste
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2 causes of chronic renal failure
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htn, dm
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2 killers of renal pt
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heart and sepsis
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management of renal failure
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electrolyte balance, neuro stability, prevent infection, reg bp, prevent med toxicity, psychosocial stability
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bladder exstrophy
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bladder outside/ worry about infection
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bladder exstrophy also comes alot of times with?
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chordae and epispadious
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epispadious and hypospadious
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hole above penis or under
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cryptorchidism
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undiscended testicle
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phimosis
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foreskin not retractable
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chordee
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penis attached to scrotum like being tongue tied
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patent urachus
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line from bladder to umbilicus
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hydrocele
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big peritoneal fluid balls
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eagle barrett syndrome
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prune belly (abdominal muscles dont work)
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obstructive uropathy
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structural abnormality that interferes with urine flow
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vesicoureteral feflux VUR
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backflow of urine into kidneys from bladder
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enuresis
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peeing at anytime
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normal hct
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37-52
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neutrophils
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1500-7800
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hgb
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12-17
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wbc
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4500-11000
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k
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3.5-5
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na
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135-145
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po4
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2.8-4.5
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ca
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8.5-10.5
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platelets
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150000-400000
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