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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Changes in unpreserved urine: pH |
Increase- bacterial conversion of urea to ammonia |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: ketones |
Decrease- volatization |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: bilirubin |
Decrease- photo oxidation to biliverdin |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: urobilinogen |
Decrease- oxidation to urobilin |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: nitrite |
Increase- bacterial conversion of dietary nitrate |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: blood cells |
Decrease- lysis/ disintegration |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: casts |
Decrease- disintegration esp in dilute and alkaline urine |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: bacteria |
Increase exponentially |
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Changes in unpreserved urine: trichomonads |
Decrease- loss of characteristic motility and death |
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Urine specific gravity |
1.002- 1.035 |
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Red urine |
Blood, beet ingestion acid urine of genetically disposed individuals, Senna |
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Red purple urine |
Porphyrins-excessive oxidation of colorless porphyrinogens and porphobilinogen to colored compounds caused by improper handling and storage of these specimens |
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Brown urine |
Myoglobin- rhabdomyolysis. Methemoglobin- oxidized hemoglobin. Metronidazole (Flagyl) medication for trichomoniasis, giardia, amebiasis, darkens the urine |
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Dark brown to black urine |
Melanin- oxidized melanogen develops upon standing, associated w malignant melanoma. Homogenistic acid- inherited- alkaptonuria in alkaline urine |
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Blue or green urine |
Pseudomonas infection. Indican infection. Methylene blue dye. Chlorophyll. Amitripyline (antidepressant) indomethican (Indocin) |
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Colorless to pale yellow urine |
Fluid ingestion, polyuria due to diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus |
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Yellow urine due to |
Normal pigment urochrome, uroerythrin and urobilin |
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Dark yellow to amber urine |
Concentrated- excessive urobilin |
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Bilirubin in urine |
If shaken, foam is yellow |
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Dark yellow- green urine |
Biliverdin - greenish coloration due to bilirubin that oxidized to biliverdin upon standing or improper storage |
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Orange urine |
Carotene- food, phenazopyradine (Pyridium, Azo-Gantrisin) Warfarin (Coumadin- anticoagulant), Rifampin (TB) |
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Bright yellow urine |
Riboflavin |
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Yellow brown urinePink urine |
Nitrofurantoin- antibiotic |
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Pink urine |
Blood, oxidized porphobilinogen; associated with acute intermittent porphyria |
