Upper Respiratory Agents

Front 1

Alpha 1 (5)

Back 1

increases force of heart contraction, vasoconstriction increases BP
mydriasis (pupil dilation) salivary glands decrease secretion, bladder & prostate capsule increases contraction & ejaculation

Front 2

Alpha 2 (4)

Back 2

Inhibits the release of norepinephrine
dilates blood vessels
produces hypotension decreases GI motility & tone

Front 3

Beta 1 (3)

Back 3

Increases heart rate & force of contraction,
increaes renin secretion increases BP

Front 4

Beta 2 (4)

Back 4

Dialates the bronchioles, promotes GI & uterine relax promotes increase in blood sugar through glycogenolysis in the liver
increases blood flow in the skeletal muscle

Front 5

Upper respiratory infections include: (4)

Back 5

common cold
acute rhinitis
sinusitis
acute pharyngitis

Front 6

The common cold is caused by:

Back 6

rhinovirus

Front 7

The common cold affects:

Back 7

nasopharyngeal tract

Front 8

How do antihistamines work?

Back 8

They are H1 blockers (antagonists) that compete w/ histamine for receptor sites

Front 9

What happens when H1 is stimulated?

Back 9

extravascular smooth muslces are constricted

Front 10

What happens when H2 is stimulated?

Back 10

Increase in gastric secretions which can cause peptic ulcer

Front 11

Many OTC drugs contain what classification of antihistamines?

Back 11

first generation

Front 12

The link between sedation and second generation antihistamines?

Back 12

Second generation antihistamines usually do not cause sedation

Front 13

The drug class of diphenhydramine?

Back 13

Antihistamine

Front 14

Trade name for diphenhydramine

Back 14

benadryl

Front 15

Pregnancy category for Diphenhydramine:

Back 15

B

Front 16

Contraindications for diphenhydramine: (5)

Back 16

Acute asthmatic attack
Severe liver disease
Lower respiratory disease
Neonate
MAOI's

Front 17

Use caution with diphenhyramine w/: (5)

Back 17

Narrow-angle glaucoma
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Pregnancy/breastfeeding
Newborn or Premature Infant
Urinary retention

Front 18

Dipenhenhydramin treats: (5)

Back 18

allergic rhinitis
itching
prevent motion sickness
sleep aid
antitussive

Front 19

How it works and what it effects (3) dipenhenhydramine:

Back 19

blocks histamine1
effects resp, blood vessels, and GI system

Front 20

Side effects of diphenhydramine: (11)

Back 20

drowsiness/fatigue
dizziness
urinary retention
constipation
blurred vision
dry mouth & throat
hypotension
epigastric distress
hearing disturbances
excitation in children
photosensitivity

Front 21

Adverse side effects of diphenhydramine:

Back 21

Agraulocytosis
hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia

Front 22

chlorpheniramine maleate is under what classification?

Back 22

first generation antihistamine

Front 23

Tavist is under what classification

Back 23

first generation antihistamine

Front 24

Benadryl is under what classification

Back 24

first generation antihistamine

Front 25

Periactin is under what classification

Back 25

first generation antihistamine

Front 26

Astelin is under what classification

Back 26

second generation antihistamine

Front 27

The classification of zyrtec

Back 27

second generation antihistamine

Front 28

Allegra is under what classification

Back 28

second generation antihistamine

Front 29

Claritin is under what classification

Back 29

second generation antihistamine

Front 30

Clarinex is under what classification

Back 30

second generation antihistamine

Front 31

Nasal congestion results from:

Back 31

dilation of nasal blood vessels caused by infection, inflammation, or allergy

Front 32

Another name for decongestants:

Back 32

sympathomimetic amines

Front 33

Decongestants work by:

Back 33

stimulating the alpha-adrengic receptors producing vascular constriction

Front 34

Frequent use of decongestants cause:

Back 34

rebound nasal congestion(rebound vasodialation instead of vasoconstriction)

Front 35

Are systemic decongestants alpha or beta

Back 35

alpha-adrengic agonists

Front 36

Advantage of systemic decongestants

Back 36

relieve nasal congestion longer

Front 37

Advantage of nasal decongestants:

Back 37

act promptly & cause fewer SE

Front 38

What classification is efedron under:

Back 38

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 39

What classification is Afrin under:

Back 39

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 40

What classifcation is Neo-synephrine under:

Back 40

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 41

What classification is Sinex under

Back 41

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 42

What classification is Novafed under:

Back 42

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 43

What classification is Sudafed under:

Back 43

systemic & nasal decongestants

Front 44

Chance of SE of topical preperations:

Back 44

low

Front 45

SE of decongestants (3)

Back 45

jittery
nervousness
restlessness
disapppear as body adjusts

Front 46

How many days can you take a decongestant before the rebound effect takes place?

Back 46

5 days

Front 47

Pseuoephedrine decreases what:

Back 47

beta-blockers

Front 48

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) increase

Back 48

hypertension or caridac dysrhythmias

Front 49

A patient taking decongestants shold avoid:

Back 49

large amts of caffeine

Front 50

Intranasal glucocorticoids are used to treat:

Back 50

allergic rhinitis

Front 51

How do intranasal glucocortocoids work:

Back 51

antiimflammatory action decreasing allergic rhinitis symptoms

Front 52

Continuous use of intranasal glucocortocoids causes:

Back 52

dryness of nasal mucosa

Front 53

Dexamethasone should not be longer for:

Back 53

30 days or systemic effects occur

Front 54

Beconase is under what classification:

Back 54

Intranasal glucocortocoids

Front 55

Vancenase is under what classification:

Back 55

Intranasal glucocortocoids

Front 56

Vanceril is under what classification:

Back 56

Intranasal glucocorticoids

Front 57

Pulmicort is under what classification:

Back 57

Intranasal glucocorticoids

Front 58

Rhinocort is under what classification:

Back 58

Intranasal glucocorticoids

Front 59

Decadron is under what classification:

Back 59

Intranasal glucocorticoids
*most potent*

Front 60

Flonase is under what classification:

Back 60

Intranasal glucocorticoids

Front 61

Flovent is under what classification:

Back 61

Intranasal glucocoritcoids

Front 62

Antitussives act on:

Back 62

cough-control center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex

Front 63

Dextromethorphan hydrobromide drug class:

Back 63

antitussive

Front 64

Trade names for dextromethorphan hydrobromide: (5)

Back 64

Robitussin DM
Romilar
Sucrets Cough Control
PediaCare
Benylin DM

Front 65

Pregnancy category for dextromethorphan hydrobromide:

Back 65

C

Front 66

Contraindications for Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide: (4)

Back 66

chronic obstructive pulmonary
chronic productive cough
hypersensitivity
MAOI'S

Front 67

Drug interactions with dextromethorphan hydrobromide: (4)

Back 67

narcotics
any sedatives
barbiurates
antidepressants

Front 68

Uses of dextromethorphan hydrobromide: (2)

Back 68

supress cough
thin mucus

Front 69

Mode of action for dextrothorphan hydrobromide:

Back 69

inhibition of the cough center in the medulla

Front 70

SE of dextromethorphan hydrobromide: (2)

Back 70

dizziness
drowsiness

Front 71

Adverse rx of dextromethorpah:

Back 71

hallucinations at high doses

Front 72

How expectorants work:

Back 72

loosen bronchial secretions so they can be eliminated by coughing

Front 73

The best exportant is:

Back 73

hydration

Front 74

The most common expectorant is:

Back 74

guaifenesin

Front 75

What is sinusitis:

Back 75

inflammation of the mucous membranes of one or more of the sinuses

Front 76

If there are acute or severe sinusitis:

Back 76

antibiotic can be given

Front 77

When treating sinusitis what can hurt?

Back 77

the teeth

Front 78

What classification is Cheracol:

Back 78

narcotic antitussive

Front 79

What classification is Robitussin A-C

Back 79

narcotic antitussive

Front 80

What classification is Robitussin under:

Back 80

expectorants

Front 81

What classification is anti-tuss under:

Back 81

expectorants

Front 82

what classification is glycotuss:

Back 82

expectorants

Front 83

What classification is robitussin-DM under?

Back 83

antitussive/expectorant

Front 84

acute pharyngitis is:

Back 84

inflammation of the throat or "sore throat"

Front 85

Acute pharyngitis can be caused by: (2)

Back 85

virus
beta-hemolytic steptococci (strep throat)

Front 86

S/S of acute pharyngitis: (2)

Back 86

elevated temp
cough

Front 87

Treatment for beta-hemolytic streptococci:

Back 87

10day course of antibiotics

Front 88

Antibiotics are not effective for: (2)

Back 88

common cold
viral pharyngitis

Front 89

What is mono and the treatment:

Back 89

it is a virus and there is no treatment

Front 90

Pregnancy category of MAO

Back 90

C use sparingly with infants

Front 91

What increases with decongestants (alpha-adrenergic drug) (2)

Back 91

BP
blood glucose

Front 92

Decongestants are contraindicated with (3)

Back 92

cardiac
hyperthyroidism
diabetes