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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All members of the Unix family share these things
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Characteristics, design philosophy, programs, and procedures
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Unix was developed here
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Bell Labs
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"Unix" the name evolved from these 2 names
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MULTICS, UNICS
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2 main developers of Unix
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Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie
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Unix's central program is called this
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kernel
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Unix's kernal was soon written in this language
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C
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Why was Unix quickly ported to many new systems?
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Once C compiler was available, the code could be ported to the new system fairly quickly (with some custom assembly language). It was also an excellent design.
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Name 4 innovations that Unix introduced that are common to many operating systems
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Hierarchical file system, use of device drives (not necessarily in the kernal), dynamic allocation of files, memory, memory swapping, linking small programs into powerful commands
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What is the "Unix Philosopy"
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By using a series of programs, commands, and utilities with common io properties, can be combined with little or no programming to accomplish complex tasks
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Central program of Unix
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kernel
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2 major versions of Unix developed in parallel?
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BSD, System V (and lower versions)
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Minimal resposibilites of Unix kernal
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start/stop/manage processes; memory management; communication with processes; interprocess communication
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Process started by kernel
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init
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How programs "talk to the outside world"
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system calls
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Why many Unix systems stay up for long periods of time (even years)
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process isolation: each process cannot read/write outside of the memory allocated to it; kernel memory cannot be read/written over.
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How does the kernal manage multiple processes
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Keeps list of them; allocates time slots, interrupts them (with priorities for each process).
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4 types of processes
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kernal, device drivers, daemons and applications
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Way Unix manages more processes than it has memory
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Dynamic allocation of memory and swapping processes in and out of memory to disk drive and other storage.
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How does a user access Unix and its kernel
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Through a shell program
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Why is the meaning of shell?
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It is a program that wraps around the kernal providing an interface to it
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5 ways of accessing the Unix system through terminals
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dumb terminals, system console, X terminal, terminal emulators, telnet
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