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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is "the cell theory of disease"?
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The idea that disease are accompanied by consistent changes in the types and populations of cells in tissues.
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What are the seven classes of disease, as given in lecture?
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Vascular and hemodynamic, inflammatory, infectious, immunologic, neoplasia and other growth disorders, genetic, and environmental.
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What is ischemia? How is that different from anoxia?
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Lack of oxygenated blood in the tissues. Anoxia is just lack of oxygen in the tissue.
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What are some effects of ischemia?
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Lack of oxygen, glucose, and other metabolic substrates.
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What is infarction?
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Necrosis of tissue due to the lack of blood supply.
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What is one means the body has of adapting to ischemia?
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Cell atrophy (shrinkage).
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What is inflammation?
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A shift of fluids and cells from the blood into the surrounding tissues.
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What is chronic inflammation frequently caused by?
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Alterations in tissue structure.
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What suffix is used to denote inflammatory diseases?
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-itis.
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What are two common causes of inflammation?
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Infection and immunologic mechanisms.
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What is meant by an infectious disease?
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One where organisms invade or damage tissues.
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What kind of organisms can be involved in infectious disease?
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Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, worms, and occasionally algae.
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What is immunologic disease?
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An exaggerated immune response, where the body attacks the tissues as though they were an invading microorganism.
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What does "neoplasia" mean?
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New growth. This is essentially synonymous with the word tumor.
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What is hyperplasia?
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Englargement of tissues by cell multiplication.
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What is hypertrophy?
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Enlargement of tissue via an increase in the size of the cells.
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What are storage diseases?
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When there is a lesion in a metabolic pathway (example given is a genetic lesion), causing the buildup of an abnormal metabolic byproduct.
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What are some examples of environmental disease?
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Nutritional disease, chemical toxicity, trauma, and many iatrogenic disease.
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