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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Identify an characteristic of herpes viruses important for disease.
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Once you have them, they're always with you, at least in a latent form.
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What are the causes of infectious mononucleosis?
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EBV (most common) and CMV.
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What does EBV stand for?
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Epstein-Barr virus.
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How is EBV transmitted?
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Primarily in saliva; can also be transmitted through sex or coughing.
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How is CMV transmitted?
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Primarily in saliva; can also be transmitted through sex, as well as through blood products and transplants, and from mother to fetus.
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Describe some complications from EBV.
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1) Infectious mononucleosis - usually subclinical in children, 50% symptomatic in adolescents/adults. Atypical lymphocytes drive cytokine-caused symptoms. Complications are rare but serious (splenic rupture, chronic IM can be deadly). Incubation period 30-50 days.
2) Burkett's lymphoma - B cell tumor, endemic in Africa, children 3-14, responds well to chemo. Complications include ampicillin rash, airway obstruction, rare but serious splenic rupture. Immunosuppressed can die from lymphoproliferative disorders. 3) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - pretty self-explanatory. 4) Lymphoproliferative disease and lymphoma in the immunosuppressed - diseases in clude malignant ymphoma, CNS syndromes like Guillian-Barre or encephalitis, myocarditis, hepatitis, aplastic anemia. Happens as EBV infects B lymphocytes and can trigger the oncogenic transformation to malignant B cell tumors. AIDS patients can get oral hairy leukoplakia and other oral lesions. |
EB Vhite - IM BaNaL
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What does CMV stand for?
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Cytomeglovirus.
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What are the major symptoms of infectious mononucleosis?
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Fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, rare splenomegaly.
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Discuss complications of CMV infections.
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Most serious in congenital infection, where there is fetal damage due to destruction of host cells, leading to abnormalities or death. Postnatal infection is usually asymptomatic, except for a few cases of IM. In the immunocompromised, though, it can cause spiking fevers and pneumonitis (inflammation of the lung). Many AIDS patients get multi-system CMV diseases, especially retinitis, and also colitis and encephalitis.
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How is EBV diagnosed?
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1) The presence of atypical lymphocytes.
2) Testing for heterophile antibodies (antibodies from other species) through monospot or Paul-Bunnell tests, where antibodies are added to other species' RBC's and observed for agglutination. 3) Testing for specific anti-EBV antibodies. |
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Identify common lab tests and specimens for identification of CMV.
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• Cell culture
• Histological exam of “suspect” tissues • DFA (common, easy and accurate) • PCR and other molecular methods (Western Blot also important) • Virus in urine (less effective, with so many people infected) • Serology: finding of CMV IgM (indicating recent infection) -NOT heterophile antibodies |
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