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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Line of Gravity
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Standard for the lower extremities
passes through 1. Anterior Superior iliac Spine 2. Bisects Knee 3. Bisects Ankle 4 through the second toe of foot |
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Normal Foot Posture
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Absence of pain; normal muscle balance; central heal; straight and mobile toes
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There is an adequate (blank) of the (blank) on the foot while standing and during the support phase of gait.
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distribution, weight bearing forces
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Hindfoot
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Talus and calcaneus
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Midfoot
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navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms
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Forefoot
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metatarsals and phalanges
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Subtalar Joint
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Hindfoot
supported five ligaments: anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and interosseous talocalcaneal Movements: gliding and rotation Performs pronation and supination Axis: oblique direction from posterolateral plantar to anteromedial dorsal aspect. |
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Movement of the subtalar joint varies according to
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Weight bearing: closed kenetic chain
Non-Weight bearing: open kenetic chain |
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Subtalar joint is responsible for
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conversion of the rotatory forces of the lower extremity
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Hindfoot influences the function an movement of the
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midfoot and forefoot.
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Clinically subtalar joint supination and pronation are measured by the amount of calcaneal (blank) and (blank).
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Inversion, eversion
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Inversion to eversion ratio of
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2:3 to 1:3; 20 degrees of inversion and 10 degrees of eversion.
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Supination of Subtalar joint in closed plane of movement
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Calcaneus: inversion-frontal plane
Talus: Horizontal abduction-horizontal plane Talus: Dorsiflexion-Sagittal plane |
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Pronation of Subtalar joint in closed chain plane of movement
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Calcaneus: Eversion-frontal plane
Talus: Adduction- Horizontal plane Talus: Plantarflexion- sagittal plane |
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Supination of Subtalar joint in open chain plane of movement
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Frontal Plane: Calcaneus-Inversion
Horizontal Plane: Calcaneus-Horizontal Adduction Sagittal Plane: Calcaneus-Plantarflexion |
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Pronation of Subtalar joint in open chain plane of movement
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Frontal Plane: Calcaneus-Eversion
Horizontal Plane: Calcaneus-abduction Sagittal Plane: Dorsiflexion |
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Midfoot
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Transtarsal Joint
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Has oblique and logitudinal axis that move independently of each other.
Dependent on the subtalar joint. |
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As the subtalar joint (blank), the transtarsal planes become parallel and the foot becomes flexible.
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Pronates
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As the subtalar joint moves from (blank) to (blank), the planes of the transtarsal joint converge medially and the foot becomes rigid and lever like.
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pronation, supination
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The midfoot (blank) movement from the rearfoot to the forefoot and promotes stability.
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transmits
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Forefoot
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includes metatarsals and phalanges
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What movement does the tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal joints perform?
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gliding
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The Metatarsophalangeal joints do what movements?
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flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction
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The Interphalangeal joints do what movement?
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flexion, extension
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The midfoot (blank) to the ground as the terrain changes. Those changes are dependent upon the normal (blank) of the rear foot.
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adapts, mechanics
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What are the functions of the foot?
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Support and Locomotion
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