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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the 1870s there was a shift from informal imperialism to a new wave of ___. |
Formal imperialism |
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Europe acquired a large number of colonies and protectorates in ___, ___, and ___. |
Africa, Asia, S. Pacific |
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There was also a higher European presence in the ____ and ___. |
Ottoman Empire (turkey), China |
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The moral argument stated that... |
It is "white man's burden" to bring w. benefits to the rest of the uncivilized world (missionaries sent to Africa and China (China's need protection which lead to outright conquest)) |
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Social Darwinism entails... |
"We are morally superior and therefore entitled to rule over the weak." (Darwin = natural world ideas (survival of the fittest) applied to society) |
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Benjamin Disraeli was a .. |
British Conservative P.M., got new 1867 voters' support (convinced peasants that empire would create jobs for them) |
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Two liberal British P.M.s around 1880s |
William Gladstone and Joseph Chamberlain |
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William Gladstone |
British, conservatve liberal P.M. (4x) - embraced irish home rule |
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Joseph Chamberlain |
British, radical liberal P.M - promoted empire, opposed Irish home rule |
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Sir (later Lord) Frederick Lugard |
British - Governor General of colonies and protectorates of N.Nigeria and Uganda |
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Housa-Fulani Emirates (Emir) |
Muslim rulers of N.Nigeria (during B. protectorate) - had their own courts, tax system, gvt |
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What was special about the 4 communes of Senegal in F. W. Africa? |
-elites in these communes were families of African women + F. Men -got full rights of F. People (truly assimilated) -F. Towns organized as a unit (city) |
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What were the two exceptions to the "Scramble for Africa?" |
-Ethiopia (Coptic church = Christian since c.14) -Liberia ("back to Africa movement of "free" slaves") |
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The capitol of Liberia |
Monrovia |
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Describe the gvt. of Liberia. Name it's two parties. |
-Republican and true whig -wierd version of pre-civil war south -freed slaves ruled over natives like Americans had over them |
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Arabi Pasha |
Lead 1881 rebellion after Britain tried to control finances of Egypt (Arabi crushed in 1882) |
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Mohammed Ahmed ("MAHDI") |
-Lead another revolt in N. Egypt vs General Gordon (B) due to struggle over Nile headwaters -Died soon after Gordon |
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General Charles Gordon |
-British -got reputation in China ("Chinese Gordon") -saw himself as "warrior of jesus" (very devout) -had no intention of evacuating Sudan -was killed in siege |
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Jean-Baptiste MARCHAND |
-French...1896 -"This could be our breadbasket" (the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium) |
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Italy wanted these two places because their routes were geographically advantageous. |
Eritrea and Somaliland |
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Italy attempted but failed to conquer Ethiopia in 1896, when stopped at __. |
Adowa - greatest defeat of a European army |
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Due to the _____ incident, these two countries formed the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium. |
-Fashoda incident 1898 (small town at Nile headwaters) -Fr. & B. |
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D. Livingstone |
-famous Christian -pressured London --> Omani Sultan closed Zanzibari slave market 1873 (F & B supposed to be against slavery) |
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Carl Peters |
-German -tricked African rulers into signing over their sovereignty to G (1884 mainland treaties)-presents to Bismarck --> declares protectorates 1885 (1884 mainland treaties) -presents to Bismarck --> declares protectorates 1885 |
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IBEAC |
-Imperial British East Africa Co. -British traders wanted the same benefits Carl Peters had gotten German traders so they convinced the gvt. that they could run the land like the East-India trading co. (little cost & protected headwaters from G) |
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George GOLDIE |
-British -Operated "the royal Niger co." In the delta w/ G & F traders -urged B to declare formal control (by 1914 B = biggest colony Nigeria) |
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Pierre DE BRAZZA |
-French -Convinced African chiefs to sign over sovereignty to F (like Carl Peters) |
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King Leopold II |
-Belgium -believed he could persuade Eur. Powers to support him running co. out of heart of Africa (Congo Basin) at the Berlin Conference -"I will stop slave trade and give free trade on Congo R." (Did exact opposite --> Congo Free State + Belgium Congo + France Congo |
