Unit One Vocabs Bio

Front 1

Cellular Respiration

Back 1

A process that breaks down carbohydrates and other energy-rich products to prodice atp

Hint 1

Found in the Mitochondria

Front 2

Photosynthesis

Back 2

The process of using the sun's energy to convert carbon into carbohydrates. (Sugar and starches)

Front 3

Primary consumers

Back 3

Organism that obtains energy by eating plants.

Hint 3

Also called herbivores.

Front 4

Producers

Back 4

Organisms that make their own food.

Hint 4

Also called autotroph.

Front 5

Secondary Consumers

Back 5

Organisms that eat primary consumers.

Front 6

Albedo

Back 6

Percentage of incoming solar radiation reflected by a surface.

Front 7

Chemosynthesis

Back 7

Process which fungi/bacteria use chemical nutrient energy to chemically convert carbon to carbohydrates without sunlight.

Front 8

Decomposers

Back 8

Organisms that eats dead plants and animal matter/ waste to obtain energy.

Front 9

Biomass

Back 9

Total dry mass of all living and non living organisms in a population, area/ other unit being measured.

Front 10

Food Chain

Back 10

A linear pathways which food is transfered from producers to primary consurmers & higher trophic levels.

Front 11

Food Web

Back 11

A model that shows the connections among food chains in an ecosystem.

Front 12

Pyramid of Biomass

Back 12

Schematic representation of the relative amount of biomass at each trophic level.

Front 13

Pyramid of Numbers

Back 13

Schematic representation of the relative numbers of organisms at each trophic level.

Front 14

Pyramid of Energy

Back 14

Schematic representation of the relative amount of energy at each trophic level.

Front 15

Adhesion

Back 15

Molecular attraction between two substances or bodies.

Hint 15

For example the attraction between water & the surface of a glass tube.

Front 16

Acid deposition

Back 16

Process by which sulfur & nitrogen emissions undergo chemical change in the atmosphere & are deposited in the environment as dry particles & gases, or as wet acid precipitation, rain, snow, fog.

Front 17

Algal Bloom

Back 17

Rapid overgrowth pf algae in a body of water, usually resulting from high concentration of nitrate & phosphate; can result in deoxygenation of water when algae die, causing death of aquatic plants & animals.

Front 18

Ammonification

Back 18

Production of ammonia/ammonium products via breakdown of organic matter by decomposers.

Front 19

Biogeochemical Cycles

Back 19

The cyclical route taken by water & other chemical nitrients through all biotic and abiotic components of the biosphere.

Front 20

Cohesion

Back 20

Intermolecular force that holds molecules of liquids/ solids together.

Hint 20

Example: the attraction of water molecules to each other resulting in surface tension.

Front 21

Denirification

Back 21

Conversion of nitrate/nitrite to nitrogen gas by bacteria in soil.

Front 22

Evapotranspiration

Back 22

Combined evaporation and transpiration of plants in a terrestrial area.

Front 23

Hydrologic Cycle

Back 23

Cycle of evaporation & condensation of water that determines the circulation of water through the atmosphere and biosphere also known as the water cycle.

Front 24

Hydrogen Bond

Back 24

Weak bond that involves sharing an electron between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom, such as oxygen/nitrogen, typically in another molecule.

Front 25

Metabolic Water

Back 25

Water created inside a living organism through their metabolism, by oxidizing energy - containing substances in their food.

Front 26

Productivity

Back 26

The rate at which organisms produce new biomass.

Front 27

Polar

Back 27

Refers to a molecule with an uneven charge distribution.

Front 28

Rapid Cycling of Nutrients

Back 28

Quick movements of nutrients through nutrient reservoirs, such as organisms, soil, air & water.

Front 29

Slow Cycling of Nutrients

Back 29

Long-term storage of nutrients in nutrient reservoirs, such as fossil fuels deposits, nutrients stored in these reservoirs are unavailable for long periods of time.

Front 30

Stomatolites

Back 30

Fossilzied sedimentary struture formed from ancient bacteria, iron bands present in same stromatolites provide evidence oxygen formation in earths past.