Unit One Key Terms

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1. PLYMOUTH COLONY

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Who: captain john smith
What: English colonial venture in North America
Where: Plymouth, Massachusetts.
Significance: the people there able to serve their god as they pleased

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2. MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620

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Who: signed on November 11, 1620
What: was the document of the Plymouth colony
Where: in the Plymouth colony
Significance: Made the colony independent and the freedom to worship as they please

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3. HEADRIGHT SYSTEM:

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Who: the Plymouth companies
What: was a legal grant of land to settlers; an attempt to solve labor shortages due to advent of the tobacco company
Where: Jamestown Virginia 1618
Significance: their role in the expansion of the thirteen British colonies, the Virginia Company of London, which granted head to the settlers.

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4. FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639

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Who: john Fiske, pilgrims
What: was adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on January 14, 1638, the orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers.
Where: Connecticut Colony council on January 14, 1638
Significance: the first written Constitution in the Western tradition

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5. MERCANTILISM

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Who: Adam smith
What: is an economic theory that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital and the volume of international trade.
When: early modern period from the 16th to the 18th century
Significance:

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6. TRIANGULAR TRADE

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Who:
What: it provided a mechanism for rectifying trade imbalances
When: operated during the 17th, 18th, & 19th century’s
Significance: it carried slaves, cash crops and manufactured goods between West Africa, the Caribbean/ American colonies and British North America.

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7. THE GREAT AWAKENING

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Who: Joseph Tracy the minister and historian who gave this religious phenomenon its name
What: was seven periods of rapid and dramatic religious prevail
When: the beginning of the 1730’s
Significance: a periodic revolution in U.S. American thought.

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8. IRON ACT 1750

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Who: Great Britain
What: one of the legislative measures introduced by the British parliament, seeking to restrict the manufacturing activities in British colonies
When: 1750
Significance: the act helped the duty of imports of the pig iron in America, the bar import for London.

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9. INDENTURED SERVANTS

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Who: African Americans
What: a form of debt bondage working. The laborer is under contract of an employer for three to seven years in exchange for food, drink, clothing, and lodging.
When: 17th and 18th centuries
Significance: besides African slaves there were Europeans who were indentured slaves, particularly in the British colonies, and these indentured slaves would work to pay off debts so they could be free again but most of the time they stayed indentured slaves until death.

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10. GEORGE WASHINGTON

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Who: George Washington
What: the first president of the United States
When: 1775- 1785
Significance: he forced the British out of Boston, lost New York City, and crossed the Delaware River and defeated the surprising enemies later that year.

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11. PROCLAMATION OF 1763

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Who: King George III
What: to organize Great Britain’s new North American empire and stabilize relations with north American through trade, settlement, and land purchases on western hemisphere.
When: October 7 1763
Significance: ceased to be law in the United States following the American Revolution, but continues to be of legal importance in Canada.

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12. SALUTARY NEGLECT

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Who: Prime Minister Robert Walpole
What: an undocumented British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, which were meant to keep American colonies obedient to British colonies.
When: 1607-1696, 1696-1763, and 1763-1775
Significance: led the American revolutionary war.

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13. STAMP ACT 1765

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Who: British parliament
What: a tax imposed on the colonies of British America. And requires that many printed materials in the colony required a tax stamp
When: 1765
Significance:

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14. STAMP ACT CONGRESS

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Who:
What: a meeting in the building that would later become the federal hall consisting of delegates from 9 of the 13 colonies that discussed and acted upon the recently passed stamp act.
When: October 19 1765
Significance:

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15. SONS OF LIBERT Y

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Who: the thirteen colonies
What: a secret organization of American patriots which originated in the thirteen colonies during the American Revolution
When: American Revolution
Significance: helped with the appeal of the stamp act

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16. COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE

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Who: thirteen colonies
What: were bodies organized by the local governments of the thirteen colonies before the American Revolution for the purpose of coordinating written coordination outside the colonies.
Significance: railed opposition on common cause and established plans for collective reasoning.

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17. BOSTON MASSACRE

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Who: British troops
What: an incident that led the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops.
When: march 5 1770
Significance: the legal aftermath helped spark the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America

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18. INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS 1774

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Who: British parliament and the thirteen colonies
What: a series of laws that passed by the British parliament
When: 1774
Significance: were issued in direct response to the Boston tea party of December 1773, the British hoped that these punitive measures would reverse the trend of colonial resistance in to parliament authority.

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19. SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1775

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Who: thirteen colonies
What: a convention of delegates from the thirteenth colonies
When: may 10 1775
Significance: raised armies, directed strategies and made formal treaties and later became known as the congress of confederation.

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20. NORTHWEST ORDINANCE

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Who: United States
What: an act of congress confederation of the United States
When: July 13 1787
Significance: the creation of the Northwest Territories as the first organized territory of the United States

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21. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

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Who: Thomas Jefferson
What: a statement adopted by the continental congress on July 4th 1776 which pronounced Great Britain independent states
When: July 4th 1776
Significance: the birthday of the United States this is celebrated on the day.

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23. SHAYS REBELLION

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Who: Daniel shays
What: an armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts
When: 1786-1787
Significance: poor farmers who were angered by the crushing debt and taxes

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24. IMPLIED POWERS (ELASTIC CLAUSE)

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Who: George Washington and Alexander Hamilton
What: powers authorized by a legal document are to be powers expressed stated
When: 1816
Significance: was used to justify the denial of the right of a state to tax a bank, the Second Bank of the United States, using the idea to argue the constitutionality of the United States Congress creating it in 1816.

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25. GREAT COMPROMISE

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Who: Connecticut
What: was an agreement between large and small states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state it proposed a bicameral legislature, resulting in the current United e would have under the United States Constitution.
When: 1787
Significance: It proposed a bicameral legislature, resulting in the current United States

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Declaratory Act

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What: was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain
When:1766
Where: one of a series of resolutions passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies
Significance: It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters.

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Quartering Act

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What: is the name of at least two acts of the Parliament of Great Britain
When: Quartering Act of 1774,Quartering Act of 1765
Where: new york
Significance: persuade colonial assemblies to pay for quartering and provisioning of troops on the march
Who:Lieutenant General Thomas Gage, British officers

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Townshend Act

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What: were a series of acts passed beginning
When: 1767
Where:
Significance:
Who: the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America

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Tea act

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Boston Tea Party

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Coercive Acts

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Mutiny Acts

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Samuel Adams

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Declaratory Act

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What: was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain
When:1766
Where: one of a series of resolutions passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies
Significance: It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters.

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Quartering Act

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What: is the name of at least two acts of the Parliament of Great Britain
When: Quartering Act of 1774,Quartering Act of 1765
Where: new york
Significance: persuade colonial assemblies to pay for quartering and provisioning of troops on the march
Who:Lieutenant General Thomas Gage, British officers

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Townshend Act

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What: were a series of acts passed beginning
When: 1767
Where:
Significance:
Who: the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America

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Tea act

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What:
When:
Where:
Significance:
Who:

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Boston Tea Party

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What:
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Significance:
Who:

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Coercive Acts

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What:
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Who:

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Mutiny Acts

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What:
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Significance:
Who:

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Samuel Adams

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gret

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shed

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