Unit One Key Terms

Front 1

PLYMOUTH COLONY-

Back 1

Who: founded by a group including separatists or Pilgrims
What: an English colonial venture in North America from 1620-1691
Where: in North America
Significance: one of the earliest colonies to be founded by the English in North America and the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region

Front 2

MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620-

Back 2

Who: written by the colonists or Pilgrims who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower
What: the first governing document of Plymouth Colony
Where: Plymouth Colony
Significance: almost half of the colonists were part of a separatists group seeking the freedom to practice Christianity according to their own determination and not the will of the English church

Front 3

HEADRIGHT SYSTEM-

Back 3

Who: the Virginia Company of London granted head to settlers and the Plymouth Company followed suit
Where: starting in 1618 at Jamestown, Virginia as an attempt to solve labor shortages due to the advent of the tobacco economy
Significance: most notable for their role in the expansion of the thirteen British colonies in North America

Front 4

FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639-

Back 4

Who: adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on January 14, 1638
What: the orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns setting its structure and powers
Where: the Connecticut Colony
Significance: considered by some as the first written constitution in the western tradition

Front 5

MERCANTILISM-

Back 5

Who: economy theory
What: an economic theory that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital and that the global volume of international trade is “unchangeable”
Where: early modern period
Significance: it has an influence on modern life today but mainly has disappeared throughout time

Front 6

TRIANGULAR TRADE-

Back 6

Who: West Africa, the Caribbean, or American colonies and the European
What: indicating trade among three ports or regions
Where: across the ocean
Significance: the trade of cash crops like sugar, tobacco and copper

Front 7

THE GREAT AWAKENING-

Back 7

Who: Protestant Reformation
What: Revivalism of Christianity
Where: revival in Anglo-American history
Significance: influence on political life

Front 8

IRON ACT 1750-

Back 8

Who: legislative measures by the British Parliament
What: restricting manufacturing activities in British colonies
Where: Great Britain, North America
Significance: if enforced the Iron Act would have limited the emerging iron manufacturing industry in the colonies

Front 9

INDENTURED SERVANTS-

Back 9

Who: a form of debt bondage worker
What: required to work only for a limited term specified in a signed contract
Where: North America, the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, Australia and the Pacific
Significance: the indentured servants helped the economy

Front 10

GEORGE WASHINGTON-

Back 10

Who: was the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and the first President of the United States of America
What: became president of the United States of America
Where: the United States of America
Significance: referred to as the father of his country

Front 11

PROCLAMATION OF 1763-

Back 11

Who: issued October 7, 1763 by King George III
What: to organize Great Britain’s new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans
Where: North America
Significance: legal importance to first Nations in Canada

Front 12

SALUTARY NEGLECT-

Back 12

Who: Robert Walpole
What: an undocumented British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain
Where: England and its colonies
Significance: the salutary neglect benefited England and its colonies

Front 13

STAMP ACT-

Back 13

Who:
What: a law enacted by a government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents
When:
Where:
Significance:

Front 14

QUARTERING ACT-

Back 14

Who:
What: the name of at least two acts of the Parliament of Great Britain
When:
Where: used by the British forces in the American colonies
Significance:

Front 15

BOSTON MASSACRE-

Back 15

Who:
What: an incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hand of British troops
When: March 5, 1770
Where:
Significance:

Front 16

TEA ACT-

Back 16

Who:
What: an act of the Parliament of Great Britain
When: passed on May 10, 1773
Where:
Significance:

Front 17

BOSTON TEA PARTY-

Back 17

Who:
What: a direct action protests by colonists in Boston, against the British government
When:
Where: a town in the British colony of Massachusetts
Significance:

Front 18

COERCIVE ACTS-

Back 18

Who:
What:
Where:
Where:
Significance:

Front 19

MUTINY ACT-

Back 19

Who:
What: an act passed yearly by Parliament for governing the British Army
When: originally passed in 1689
Where:
Significance:

Front 20

SAMUEL ADAMS-

Back 20

Who: a statesman, political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States
What:
When
Where:
Significance:

Front 21

DECLARATORY ACT-

Back 21

Who:
What: an act passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies
When:
Where:
Significance:

Front 22

KING WILLIAM'S WAR-

Back 22

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 23

QUEEN ANNE'S WAR-

Back 23

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 24

PEACE OF UTRECHT-

Back 24

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 25

WAR OF JENKINS EAR-

Back 25

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 26

PAXTON BOYS-

Back 26

Who: a vigilante group that murdered at least twenty Native Americans in events sometimes called the Conestoga massacre
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 27

GREENVILLE'S PROGRAM-

Back 27

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 28

PATRICK HENRY-

Back 28

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 29

SONS OF LIBERTY-

Back 29

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 30

DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY-

Back 30

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 31

CRISPUS ATTUCKS-

Back 31

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 32

JOHN ADAMS-

Back 32

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 33

CAROLINA REGULATORS-

Back 33

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 34

BATTLE OF THE ALAMANCE-

Back 34

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 35

FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1774-

Back 35

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 36

SUFFOLK RESOLVES-

Back 36

Who: the leaders of Suffolk County, Massachusetts
What:
Where: Boston
When: on September 9, 1774
Significance:

Front 37

GALLOWAY PLAN-

Back 37

Who: Joseph Galloway was a Pennsylvania delegate who wanted to keep the colonies in the British Empire
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 38

LEXINGTON AND CONCORD APRIL19, 1775-

Back 38

Who:
What: the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 39

PAUL REVERE, WILLIAM DAWES-

Back 39

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 40

SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS-

Back 40

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 41

SLAVERY CLAUSE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE-

Back 41

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 42

SOMERSET CASE (IN GREAT BRITAIN)-

Back 42

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 43

QUOCK WALKER CASE MASS-

Back 43

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 44

BENEDICT ARNOLD-

Back 44

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 45

CONTINENTAL ARMY-

Back 45

Who: Continental Congress
What: an army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America
Where:
When: established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775
Significance:

Front 46

NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR-

Back 46

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance:

Front 47

BLACK AMERICANS IN THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR-

Back 47

Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Significance: