Unit One: Key Terms

Front 1

PLYMOUTH COLONY
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 1

~Founded by Puritans later known as "Pilgrims".
~English colonial venture in North America from 1620 – 1691
~Plymouth Colony, & today Plymouth, Massachusetts.
~Fleeing religious persecution and searching for a place to worship their God as they saw fit

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MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 2

~Written by the colonists, later as Pilgrims, who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower
~First governing document of Plymouth Colony
~Plymouth Colony, & today Plymouth, Massachusetts
~A crucial way of governing

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HEADRIGHT SYSTEM
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 3

~Used by the British to give land to the colonial settlers
~Attempt to solve labor shortages due to the advent of the tobacco economy, which required large plots of land with many workers & played a role in the expansion of the thirteen British colonies in North America. A legal grant of land to settlers
~Used in Jamestown, Virginia, starting in 1618 as the Virginia Company of London granted head to settlers, and the Plymouth Company followed suit.
~It was also a way to attract immigrants

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FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 4

~Group of Massachusetts Puritans and Congregationalists who were dissatisfied with the rate of Anglican reforms, sought to establish an ecclesiastical society subject to their own rules and regulations.
~Orders made to describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers
~In 1635, Connecticut Colony
~Considered to be the first written Constitution in western tradition

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MERCANTILISM
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 5

~Created by Europeans
~Economic theory that says that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon the supply of capital
~Europe
~Economists reject mercantilism today.

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TRIANGULAR TRADE
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 6

~centuries, carrying slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, the Caribbean or American colonies and the European colonial powers
~Triangle trade is a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions. Triangular trade provided a mechanism for rectifying trade imbalances.
~The trade evolved where a region had an export commodity that was required in the region from which its major imports came
~The Transatlantic Triangular Trade operated during the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries, carrying slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, the Caribbean or American colonies and the European colonial powers, with the northern colonies of British North America, especially New England, sometimes taking over the role of Europe

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THE GREAT AWAKENING
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

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~Anglo-Americans
~The Great Awakenings were several periods of rapid and dramatic religious revival in Anglo-American religious history, generally recognized as beginning in the 1730s.
~Happened throughout the states
~several periods of rapid and dramatic religious revival in Anglo-American religious history

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IRON ACT 1750
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 8

~British Parliament and Americans
~The Iron Act, strictly Importation, etc. Act 1750 (Statute 23 Geo. II c. 29) was one of the legislative measures introduced by the British Parliament
~In American Colonies
~encouraged manufacturing to take place in Great Britain

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INDENTURED SERVANTS
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 9

~indentured servants
~is a form of debt bondage worker.
~throughout the Americas
~servants weren’t slaves and had more respect and freedom

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GEORGE WASHINGTON
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 10

~The first president of the U.S.
~ was the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) and served as the first President of the United States of America
~United states
~For his central role in the formation of the United States, he is often referred to as the father of his country.

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PROCLAMATION OF 1763
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 11

~King George III
~issued The Royal Proclamation of 1763 following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War.
~North America
~To organize Great Britain’s new North American empire

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SALUTARY NEGLECT
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 12

~British
~An undocumented British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, which were meant to keep the colonists obedient to Great Britain
~American colonies
~Led to the American Revolutionary War

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STAMP ACT CONGRESS
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 13

~Held by delegates of some colonies
~Discussed issue with the Stamp Act
~New York City
~It showed how most people of the colonies were willing to resist against British rule

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SONS OF LIBERTY
Who?
What?
Where?
Significance?

Back 14

~Colonists resisting British rule
~Patriots whom attacked the apparatus and symbols of British authority
~Thirteen colonies
~Organized group of Americans against the crown

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Stamp Act
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

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~Imposed by the British Parliament on the colonies of British America.

~Act required that many printed materials in the colonies carry a tax stamp.

~1765

~In the British colonies.

~The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops stationed in North America following the British victory in the Seven Years' War. Stamp Act. It met with great resistance in the colonies & was seen as a violation of the right of Englishmen to be taxed only with their consent

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Declaratory Act
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

Back 16

~An Act of the Parliament of Great

~One of a series of resolutions passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies. It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters.

~During America's colonial period

~1766

~In the British colonies

~Allowed Parliament to make laws and changes to the colonial government

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Quartering Act
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

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~Name of at least two acts of the Parliament of Great Britain.

~These acts were amendments to the Mutiny Act, which had to be renewed annually by Parliament.

~This first Quartering Act was given Royal Assent on March 24, 1765, and provided that Great Britain would house its soldiers in American barracks and public houses, as by the Mutiny Act of 1765, but if its soldiers outnumbered the housing available.
A second Quartering Act was passed on June 2, 1774, as part of a group of laws that came to be known as the Intolerable Acts. The acts were designed to restore imperial control over the American colonies. While several of the acts dealt specifically with the Province of Massachusetts Bay, the new Quartering Act applied to all of the colonies.

~The Quartering Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British troops had adequate housing and provisions

~The Quartering Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British troops had adequate housing and provisions.

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Townshend Acts
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

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~Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America. Named for Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who proposed the program

~A series of acts passed

~1767

~In the British colonies of, what is now known as North America.

~Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish the province of New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act, and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies. et with resistance in the colonies, prompting the occupation of Boston by British troops in 1768, which eventually resulted in the Boston Massacre of 1770.

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Boston Massacre
Who?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

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~British troops

~An incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops.

~March 5, 1770,

~British colonies on North America, in Boston.

~It was caused by a resistance of the Townshend Acts, that taxed colonist without their consent, a violation of natural, charter and constitutional rights. The Massachusetts House of Representatives began a campaign against the Townshend Acts by sending a petition to King George asking for the repeal of the Townshend Revenue Act. The House then sent what became known as the Massachusetts Circular Letter to the other colonial assemblies, asking them to join the resistance movement.

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Tea Act
Who?
What?
What?
When?
Where?
Significance?

Back 20

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