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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name two substances required for RBC production
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Vitamin B12, Iron
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Name two hormones involved in hemopoeisis
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Erythropoeitin, thrombopoeitin, CSF
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What WBC produces antibodies
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B-Cells (Plasma cells)
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What two antigens are present on a RBC of the AB blood type
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A and B antigens
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A monocyte matures into a [blank] and the function is to [blank]
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Macrophage Phagocytosis |
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What is: Leukopenia Anemia Thrombocytopenia |
A - Low WBC Count B - Low RBC Count C - Low platelet count |
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Thrombin and fibrinogen are
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Plasma proteins
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Name 3 substances in plasma
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Water, iron, sugar, plasma proteins...
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White blood cells are also called [blank] and red blood cells are also called [blank]
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leukocytes/erythrocytes |
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The protein that causes the clot to catch RBCs are called
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Fibrin
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When the wrong blood type is transfused, first the blood cells [blank], then they undergo [blank]
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Agglutinate/hemolysis
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Attacking of the fetus' RBCs by the mother's immune system due to anti-RH antibodies is called
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HDN - hemolytic disease of the newborn
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What initiates clot formation
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Tissue damage that initiates prothrombinase
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Three lymphocytes include
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T Cells, B Cells, NK Cells
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What is the life span of RBCs
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120 days
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Heparin is released by [blank] and its function is to [blank]
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Basophils/inflammation and blood clotting
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What is hemoglobin broken down into
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Globin and heme
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How is the non-iron protein of heme broken down
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By the liver into bilirubin and then urobilin and stercobilin
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Can a person of O+ type blood give blood to a person of type AB+ blood
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Yes
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Blood plasma is mostly made of
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Water
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Which WBC is numerous/least numerous
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Neutrophil/basophil
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The first heart sound is caused by the closing of the
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AV Valves
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Where do the major arteries of the coronary circulation begin
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First branches off of the ascending aorta
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What are the three protective structures of the heart
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Fibrous pericardium/parietal pericardium/visceral pericardium
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Which three vessels bring deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
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superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
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The AV valve on the left side is the [blank] and on the right side is called the [blank]
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bicuspid/tricuspid
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The small ligaments that hold the valve flaps are called the
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Chordae tendinae
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The function of the heart valves is
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Prevent backflow
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The pulmonary veins empty into the
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left atrium
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The pulmonary trunk carried oxygenated or deoxygenated blood
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Deoxygenated blood
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The inside of the heart chambers are lined by
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Endocardium
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The heart muscle layer is called
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Myocardium
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The structure between the ventricles is called the
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Interventricular septum
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The hole that joins the two atria in the fetus is called the [blank] and turns into the [blank]
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Foramen ovale/fossa ovalis
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The blood passes through the right atrium into the
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Right ventricle
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The [blank] carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
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Aorta
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The [blank] are structures above each atrium that acts as a blood reservoir
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Auricles
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How many pulmonary veins empty into the heart
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4
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What structures attach the chordae tendinae to the myocardium
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Papillary muscles
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How many leaves does each semilunar valve
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3
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How many leaves does each mitral valve have
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2
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Which ventricle is the largest and forms the apex of the heart
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Right
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Which side of the heart sends blood to the pulmonary circulation
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Right
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What causes the "lub-dup" heart sounds
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Closing of AV and semilunar valves
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Where does depolarization of the atria start in the heart
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AV node
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Along what tracts is the depolarization sent to the ventricles from the atria
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Right and left bundle branches
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Why is coordinated contraction important for the heart muscle
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To pump the blood
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What other regions of the heart have pacemaker ability
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AV node/AV Bundle
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What part of the EKG correspondes with the depolarization of the atria
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P-Wave
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Which part of the EKG correspondes with the depolirazation of the ventricles
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QRS Complex
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What is stroke volume
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Volume of blood pumped by one ventricle in one beat
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What is heart rate
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The number of beats per one minutes
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What is cardiac output
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Product of stroke volume and heart rate
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Name three things that can effect stroke volume
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Preload, afterload, contractility
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What division of the nervous system regulates the heart rate
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ANS
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What is the function of the baroreceptors and what is their location
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Detect pressure/Aortic and carotid sinuses
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What is the function of the chemoreceptors and where are they located
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Detect chemicals/Aortic and carotid sinuses
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What is a heart arrhythmia/name two types
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Unusual or irregular heart rhythm/fibrillation, flutter, tachycardia
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In which vessel does gas exchange occur
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Capillary
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What are the three layers of the vessel wall
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Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica interna
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Which layer is the thickest in the arteries
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Tunica media
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What special structures do veins have to aid in venous return
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Valves
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Oxygen and other lipid soluble materials move in and out of the capillaries by
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Diffusion
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The main function of the hepatic portal system is
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Detoxification of substances from the digestive system
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Vasoconstriction occurs due to which layer of the vessel
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Tunica media
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Name three branches off of the aortic notch
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Brachicephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian artery
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What main vein bring blood from the head and neck to the heart
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Jugular veins
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What main artery sends blood to the head and neck
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Carotid arteries
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What is the circle of willis
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A network of arteriole anastomoses to carry blood to the brain
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