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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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. John Locke
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was an English philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British empiricists, but is equally important to social contract theory. His ideas had enormous influence on the development of epistemology and political philosophy, and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinker
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Thomas Hobbes
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was an English philosopher, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of social contract theory
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Federal Government
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The federal government of the United States is the central government entity established by the United States Constitution, which shares sovereignty over the United States with the governments of the individual U.S. states.
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Democracy
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In political theory, democracy describes a small number of related forms of government and also a political philosophy. Even though there is no specific, universally accepted definition of 'democracy',[4] there are two principles that any definition of democracy includes, equality and freedom.[5] These principles are reflected by all citizens being equal before the law, and having equal access to power.[6] Additionally, all citizens are able to enjoy legitimized freedoms and liberties, which are usually protected by a constitution
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Unitary Government
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A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as one single unit in which the central government is supreme and any administrative divisions (subnational units) exercise only powers that the central government chooses to delegate. Most states in the world have a unitary system of government.
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Sovereign
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is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided.
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Dictatorship
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A dictatorship is defined as an autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by an individual, the dictator, without hereditary ascension
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Second continental congress
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The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met beginning in May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun.
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The Federalist (papers)
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The Federalist Papers are a series of 85 articles advocating the ratification of the United States Constitution. Seventy-seven of the essays were published serially in The Independent Journal and The New York Packet between October 1787 and August 1788. A compilation of these and eight others, called The Federalist; or, The New Constitution, was published in two volumes in 1788 by J. and A. McLean.[1] The series's correct title is The Federalist; the title The Federalist Papers did not emerge until the twentieth century.
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The Federalist
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The Federalist Party (or Federal Party) was an American political party in the period 1792 to 1816, with remnants lasting into the 1820s
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Magna Carta
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Magna Carta, also called Magna Carta Libertatum (the Great Charter of Freedoms), is an English legal charter, originally issued in the year 1215. It was written in Latin and is known by its Latin name. The usual English translation of Magna Carta is Great Charter
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Three Fifths Compromise
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The Three-Fifths Compromise was a compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for enumeration purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives. It was proposed by delegates James Wilson and Roger Sherman.
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Anti-Federalists
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Anti-Federalism is a political philosophy which opposes the concept of Federalism. In short, Anti-Federalists dictate that the central governing authority of a nation should be equal or inferior to, but not having more power than, its sub-national states (state government). A book titled "The Anti-Federalist Papers" is a detailed explanation of American Anti-Federalist thought.
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Implied Powers
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"Implied powers" are powers not given to the government directly through the constitution, but are implied.
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Delegated Powers
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Expressed powers given to one branch of government by the Constitution, which are assigned to another government agency with express consent of the first. For example, Congress delegating certain powers to the President.
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Reserved Powers
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can refer to several powers of a central authority:
* Reserved powers, or Reserved matters, those subjects still dealt with by the United Kingdom Parliament, and not devolved to the Scottish Parliament, National Assembly for Wales or the Northern Ireland Assembly * Reserved powers, under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, powers that the United States Constitution does not give to the federal government, or forbid to the states, are reserved to the states or the people * Reserved powers, powers that the British Governor of Bermuda has over External Affairs, Internal Security and the Police, see Politics of Bermuda * Reserved powers, also called Reserved State powers, a historical doctrine used in the interpretation of the federal Constitution of Australia |
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Amendment
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Constitutional amendment, a change made to a written constitution
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bill of Rights
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In the United States, the Bill of Rights is the name by which the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known.[1] They were introduced by James Madison to the First United States Congress in 1789 as a series of articles, and came into effect on December 15, 1791, when they had been ratified by three-fourths of the States. Thomas Jefferson was a proponent of the Bill of Rights.[2]
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Checks and Balances
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The government will never have more power than anything else, it shall be balanced
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Rule of Law
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The rule of law, also called supremacy of law, simply means that the law is above everyone and it applies to everyone. Whether governors or governed, rulers or ruled, no one is above the law, no one is exempted from the law, and no one can grant exemption to the application of the law.
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Separation of Powers
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The separation of powers, also known as trias politica, is a model for the governance of democratic states. The model was first developed in ancient Greece and came into widespread use by the Roman Republic as part of the uncodified Constitution of the Roman Republic. Under this model, the state is divided into branches or estates, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility. The normal division of estates is into an executive, a legislature, and a judiciary.
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Limited Government
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Limited government is the basic principle of American Government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that cannot be taken away. It is closely related to libertarianism, classical liberalism, and some tendencies of liberalism and conservatism in the United States.[
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Separation of Powers
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The separation of powers, also known as trias politica, is a model for the governance of democratic states. The model was first developed in ancient Greece and came into widespread use by the Roman Republic as part of the uncodified Constitution of the Roman Republic. Under this model, the state is divided into branches or estates, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility. The normal division of estates is into an executive, a legislature, and a judiciary.
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Limited Government
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Limited government is the basic principle of American Government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that cannot be taken away. It is closely related to libertarianism, classical liberalism, and some tendencies of liberalism and conservatism in the United States.[
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