Unit Iii Distal Innervation Sites

Front 1

1. Dorsal ramus C2 (at its origin)

Back 1

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 2

2. Ventral ramus C2 (immediately distal to the gray ramus)

Back 2

Muscle: hyoid, cervical transverse process, Skin: external ear

Front 3

3. Dorsal ramus C8 (at its origin)

Back 3

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 4

4. Ventral ramus C8 (immediately distal to the gray ramus)

Back 4

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 5

5. Dorsal root T1

Back 5

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 6

6. Ventral root T1

Back 6

Autonomic Ganglia: superior cervical ganglion, Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 7

7. Dorsal ramus T1 (at its origin)

Back 7

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 8

8. Ventral ramus T1 (immediately distal to the gray ramus)

Back 8

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 9

9. Greater occipital nerve (at its origin)

Back 9

Muscle: cervical transverse process

Front 10

10. Great auricular nerve (at its origin)

Back 10

Skin: external ear

Front 11

11. Ansa cervicalis

Back 11

Muscle: hyoid

Front 12

12. Phrenic nerve (at its origin)

Back 12

No match

Front 13

13. Oculomotor nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 13

Autonomic Ganglia: Ciliary ganglion, Muscles: extraocular

Front 14

14. Trochlear nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 14

Muscles: extraocular

Front 15

15. Trochlear nerve (as it enters the orbit from the SOF)

Back 15

Muscles: extraocular

Front 16

16. Trigeminal nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 16

Skin: forehead, nose, cheek, upper lip, lower lip, chin, external ear, cornea, Mucosa: nasal, oral, pharynx, Dental: upper, lower, Muscles: (facial expression), extraocular, mastication, middle ear, palate, tongue, hyoid

Front 17

17. Ophthalmic nerve (as it enters the SOF)

Back 17

Skin: forehead, nose, cornea, Mucosa: nasal, Muscles: (facial expression), extraocular

Front 18

18. Ophthalmic, frontal nerve (at its origin)

Back 18

Skin: forehead, (Muscles: extraocular muscles)

Front 19

19. Ophthalmic, lacrimal nerve (at its origin)

Back 19

Skin: forehead, (Muscles: extraocular muscles)

Front 20

20. Ophthalmic, nasociliary nerve (at its origin)

Back 20

Skin: nose, cornea, Mucosa: nasal, (Muscles: extraocular)

Front 21

21. Maxillary nerve (in foramen rotundum)

Back 21

Skin: nose, cheek, upper lip, Mucosa: nasal, oral, pharynx, Dental: upper, Muscles: (facial expression)

Front 22

22. Maxillary, greater palatine nerve (at its origin)

Back 22

Mucosa: nasal, oral, pharynx

Front 23

23. Maxillary, zygomatic nerve (as it enters the orbit)

Back 23

Skin: cheek, (Muscles: facial expression)

Front 24

24. Maxillary, infraorbital nerve (as it enters the infraorbital groove)

Back 24

Skin: nose, cheek, upper lip, Mucosa: oral, Dental: upper, (Muscles: facial expression)

Front 25

25. Mandibular nerve (in foramen ovale)

Back 25

Skin: cheek, lower lip, chin, external ear, Mucosa: oral, Dental: lower, Muscles: (facial expression), mastication, middle ear, palate, tongue, hyoid

Front 26

26. Mandibular, nerve to the medial pterygoid (at its origin)

Back 26

Muscles: mastication, middle ear, palate

Front 27

27. Mandibular, auriculotemporal nerve (at its origin)

Back 27

Skin: external ear

Front 28

28. Mandibular, lingual nerve (at its origin)

Back 28

Mucosa: oral, Muscles: tongue, hyoid

Front 29

29. Mandibular, inferior alveolar nerve (at its origin)

Back 29

Skin: lower lip, chin, Mucosa: oral, Dental: lower teeth, Muscles: (facial expression), hyoid

Front 30

30. Abducens nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 30

Muscles: extraocular

Front 31

31. Facial nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 31

Autonomic Ganglia: submandibular, pterygopalantine, (Skin: external ear), Mucosa: (nasal), oral, (pharynx), Muscles: facial expression, middle ear, hyoid

Front 32

32. Facial nerve, chorda tympani nerve (at its origin)

Back 32

Autonomic Ganglia: submandibular, Mucosa: oral

Front 33

33. Facial nerve, greater petrosal nerve (at its origin)

Back 33

Autonomic Ganglia: pterygopalatine, Mucosa: (nasal), oral, (pharynx)

Front 34

34. Facial nerve, buccal branch (at its origin)

Back 34

Muscles: facial expression

Front 35

35. Glossopharyngeal nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 35

Autonomic Ganglia: Otic, (Skin: external ear), Mucosa: (oral), pharynx, middle ear, Muscles: middle ear, pharynx

Front 36

36. Glossopharyngeal, tympanic nerve (at its origin)

Back 36

Autonomic Ganglia: Otic, Mucosa: middle ear, (Muscles: middle ear)

Front 37

37. Glossopharyngeal, lingual nerve (at its origin)

Back 37

Mucosa: (oral), pharynx

Front 38

38. Vagus nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 38

Skin: external ear, Mucosa: pharynx, larynx, Muscles: palate, pharynx, larynx, hyoid

Front 39

39. Vagus, internal laryngeal nerve (at its origin)

Back 39

Mucosa: pharynx, larynx

Front 40

40. Vagus, left nerve (at the level of the 1st rib)

Back 40

Mucosa: pharynx, larynx, Muscles: pharynx, larynx

Front 41

41. Vagus, left recurrent laryngeal (at its origin)

Back 41

Mucosa: pharynx, larynx, Muscles: pharynx, larynx

Front 42

42. Accessory nerve (at its origin from the spinal cord)

Back 42

No match

Front 43

43. Hypoglossal nerve (at its origin from the brainstem)

Back 43

Muscles: tongue, hyoid