Unit Iii-B-Interest Groups... Test

Front 1

Attack Ads and Negative Campaigns

Back 1

Ads which have the purpose of harming or smearing the opponent. Negative campaigns try to highlight the negative aspects of their opponent.

Front 2

BCRA of 2002

Back 2

Soft Money Ban
Raised limits on individual contributions
Limits on issue ads (period before an election)

Front 3

McConnnell vs. FEC, 2003

Back 3

Upheld most of the provisions of the BCRA.

Front 4

FEC vs. Wisconsin Right to Life Inc. 2007

Back 4

Ruled that issue ads could not be limited before an election.

Front 5

Bundling

Back 5

Bundling checks of individual donors together (usually in an organized event) to support a candidate.

Front 6

Campaign Finance Reform

Back 6

The effort to change the role of money in elections.

Front 7

Candidates' Image

Back 7

How the candidates are portrayed in the media and their support.

Front 8

Candidates' use of the media

Back 8

Mudslinging:
Negative Accusations "slung" at opponents.

Leaking Information: The deliberate or accidental leaking of information to try to spark popular interest.

Sound bites: Short sound clips that the media uses to provide a very vague description of one's idea.

Image Building: Doing something to raise one's image (i.e. standing in a classroom, working to clean up garbage. etc.
)

Seeking Contributions:
Candidates will use the media to seek financial support for their campaign.

Front 9

Buckley vs. Valeo

Back 9

Supreme Court ruled that donating to candidates is a part of your 1st amendment rights.

Front 10

FECA 1971/1974

Back 10

Increased disclosure of donations and created the Federal Election Comission.

Front 11

Fairness Doctrine

Back 11

A policy of the FCC that required the owners of broadcast licenses to present controversial issues in a fair and balanced way.

Front 12

527 groups

Back 12

A group created to influence elections and are not regulated by the FEC.

Front 13

FEC

Back 13

A commission to regulate campaign finances.

Front 14

Front-runner

Back 14

Which candidate is ahead in the polls, money, etc.

Front 15

Hard Money

Back 15

Documented, limited contributions

Front 16

Soft Money

Back 16

Undocumented, unlimited contributions

Front 17

Honeymoon Period

Back 17

First few months in which the newly inaugurated president enjoys positive media attention.

Front 18

Horse Race

Back 18

The media's focus on whose ahead in the race.

Front 19

Independent Expenditures

Back 19

To assist a candidate without affiliation with the candidate.

Front 20

Interest Groups: Economic

Back 20

Business: Exercise considerable political influence (money). Corporate power!

Trade Associations: Businesses with similar interests join together to form trade associations. Divided into large nationwide associations like the chamber of commerce

Labor:
Represent workers

Professional Associations:
Strong unions made up of professional people.

Front 21

Interest Groups: Ideological

Back 21

Behave like economic interest groups, but they may not be driven by a desire to make money.

Front 22

Interest Groups: Public Interest

Back 22

Claim that they promote the public interest. a specific type is , i.e, a tax exempt charity.

Front 23

Interest Groups: Foreign Policy

Back 23

Groups that organize to promote or oppose certain foreign policies.

Front 24

Interest Groups Methods

Back 24

Lobbying for Bureaucracy, electoral support to Congress. Iron Triangle

Front 25

AMA

Back 25

American Medical Association:
Lobbying

Front 26

Sierra Club

Back 26

Environmentalism
Mass Mailing
Mass Mobilization
Lobbying
Litigation

Front 27

AARP

Back 27

American Association of Retired People

Lobbying

Front 28

NRA

Back 28

National Rifle Association

Lobbying
Mass Mailing
Litigation

Front 29

NOW

Back 29

National Organization of Women
Mass Mailing
Mobilization

Front 30

NAM

Back 30

National Association of Manufacturers

Lobbying

Front 31

NAACP

Back 31

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Mass Mailing
Mass Moilization
Litigation

Front 32

Iron Triangle

Back 32

The relationship between the bureaucracy, the legislative branch, and interest groups in the process of law making.

Front 33

Issue Ads

Back 33

Ads that don't mention to vote for the candidate, but imply that they should be voted for.

Front 34

Kennedy-Nixon Debates

Back 34

Kennedy looked much better on TV, but Nixon did better as a speaker as radio audiences thought Nixon won, while TV audiences believed Kennedy won.

Front 35

Labor Unions

Back 35

A union of workers that work to improve their work conditions, salary, or hours, etc.

Front 36

Open Shop

Back 36

You can get the job even if you're not a member of the labor union.

Front 37

Closed Shop

Back 37

You must be a member in the labor union to be able to join a closed shop job.

Front 38

Free-Rider

Back 38

You get the benefits of a labor union without having to be in one.

Front 39

Lobbying/Lobbyist

Back 39

A person who is employed by an interest group and tries to influence policy decisions and positions in the executive and legislative branches.

Front 40

Media Bias

Back 40

Journalists tend to be liberal while CEOs and editors are conservative; CEOs can decide what to report on.

Front 41

Media

Back 41

Coverage Focus:
Focus on what they choose to broadcast

Politicians will schedule media events to try to improve their image.

Photo opportunities are a great opportunity for politicians to improve (or worsen) their image

Conglomerates
Large, interweaved businessess

Front 42

PAC

Back 42

Political Action Committees
PACs are limited in how much they can donate to candidates, but they can raise money via bundling.

Front 43

Media Consultant

Back 43

Someone who is hired by companies or politicians to gather positive attention (by press releases, etc.)

Front 44

Political Socialization

Back 44

How one comes to acquire their political beliefs.

Front 45

Public Opinion

Back 45

The approval or disapproval of issues, domestic or foreign, by the public.

Front 46

Political Socialization

Back 46

How one comes to acquire their political beliefs.

Front 47

Revolving Door

Back 47

When one goes from working for the government to working for an interest group or business.

Front 48

Spin

Back 48

When candidates spin the facts, so that the positive facts about him are shown and the negative aspects of the candidate's opponent is revealed.

Front 49

Quid Pro Quo

Back 49

To give money for an election in order to receive political support or legislation

Front 50

TV

Back 50

C-SPAN