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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Zygote |
Fertilized Egg, Diploid (2n) |
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Week 2: Bilaminar Disc |
Consist of (Ectoderm and Endoderm) |
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Ectoderm |
Gives rise to the nervous tissue |
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Neural Plate |
Invaginates into neural fold |
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Neural Crest |
Cell bodies will give rise to the PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) |
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Neural Tube |
Cell bodies will give rise to CNS |
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Structures from Neural Tube |
3 Primary Brain vesicles and Spinal Cord |
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Name of 3 Primary Brain Vesicles |
Prosencephalon, Mesencephalon, Rhombencephalon |
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Two flexures during the 3 primary brain vesicles |
Cervical and Cephalic |
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Prosencenphalon |
Gives rise to Telencephalon and Diencephalon |
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Mesencephalon |
Remains the Mesencephalon |
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Rhombencephalon |
Gives rise to the Metencephalon and Myelencephalon |
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Characteristic of Brain at Birth |
10% of body wt. and use 60% oxygen |
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Characteristic of Adult Brain |
2-2.5% of body wt. and use 20% Oxygen |
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Neuroepithelial Cells |
Gives rise to Neuroblasts, Ependymal Cells, Glio Blasts |
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Glioblasts ("Nerve Glue") |
gives rise to Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes |
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What are the functional connective tissue of the CNS? |
Glioblasts and its derivatives |
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What is the ratio of glioblasts derivatives to neurons in the adult human brain? |
5-10x more |
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Astrocyte |
Stellate shape and most numerous cell of the adult central nervous system |
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What are the types of Astrocytes? |
1. Protoplasmic Astrocytes 2. Fibrous Astrocytes |
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Where are protoplasmic astrocytes found? |
Found in gray matter |
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Where are Fibrous Astrocytes found? |
Found in White Matter |
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What are Functions of Astrocytes? |
1. They act as BBB 2. The population is suspected to store excess glycogen in the CNS 3. Role in forming "scar-like" tissue--> due to mobility |
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Oligodendrocytes |
Fewer in number than astrocyte but still quite numerous |
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What are the two types of Oligodendrocytes? |
1. Perineuronal Satellites 2. Interfasicular |
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Where are the Perineuronal Satellites found? |
Found in the gray matter |
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Where are the Interfasicular found? |
Found in White Matter |
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What is the primary function of Interfasicular Oligodendrocytes?
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Form myelin sheaths around most CNS neuron axons |
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What does the perineuronal satellites function? |
May serve a type of nutrient role in the CNS |
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Ependymal Cells |
Line the hollow part of the brain (ventricles) Central canal found in the spinal cod and inferior M.O |
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What purpose does the Ependymal Cells serve? |
They serve as a "leaky" barrier b/t the CSF and the CNS parenchyma |
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What shape are the Ependymal Cells? |
Simple cuboidal |
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What are the structures formed by Ependymal Cells in the ventricles? |
Choroid Plexus |
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What are Tanycytes? |
These are specialized Ependymal Cells (3rd Ventricle) and function to transport CSF to the Hypophyseal Portal System |
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Glioma |
used to classify solid tumors derived from glioblasts, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes |
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Astrocytoma |
Most common primary brain tumor |
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Glioblastoma |
most lethal primary brain tumor Increase in size rapidly Shape are difficult to remove |
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Ependymoma |
Restrict the flow of CSF in the ventricles |
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What are less common gliomas |
Oligodendrogliomas, oligoastrocytomas, gliosarcomas, and choroid plexus |
