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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electromagnetic radiation |
a form of energy that exhibits wave-like behaviour; all the forms of electromagnetic radiation together form the electromagnetic spectrum |
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Frequency |
the number of waves that pass a given point in one second |
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Wavelength |
the distance of waves that pass a given point in one second |
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Photoelectric Effect |
the emission of electrons from a metal when the light shines on the metal; demonstrates the particle-nature of light |
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Quantum |
the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an electron |
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Photon |
a particle of electromagnetic radiation having zero mass and carrying a quantum of energy |
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Ground State |
the lowest energy state of an atom |
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Excited State |
a state in which an atom has more potential energy than it has in its ground state |
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Emission-Line Spectrum |
a series of specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted by electrons as they move from higher to lower energy states |
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Orbital |
the three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probably location of an electron |
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Afbau principle |
an electron occupies the lowest-energy orbitals that can receive it |
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Pauli Exclusion Principle |
no two electrons in the same atom can have the exact same energy state |
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Hund's Rule |
orbitals of equal energy are occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state |
