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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Change in a species over time; process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors
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evolution |
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Group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
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species |
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Trace of an organism from the past
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fossil |
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Process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits
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artificial selecltion |
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Mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than other individuals
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natural selection |
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Measure of an organisms ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of the population
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fitness |
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Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions
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homologous structures |
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Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different
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analogous structures |
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Remnants of an organ or a structure that function in an earlier ancestor
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vestigial structures |
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Evolution of two or more species from one ancestral species
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speciation |
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Process in which two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other
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coevolution |
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Final stage in speciation, in which members of isolated population are either no longer able to mate or no longer able to produce viable offspring |
reproductive isolation |
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Isolation between populations due to differences in courtship or mating behavior
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behavioral isolation |
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Isolation between populations due to physical barriers |
geographic isolation |
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Elimination of a species from Earth
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extinction |
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Large-scale changes that occur after long periods of time and may create a new species
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macroevolution |
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Isolation between populations due to barriers related to time, such as differences in mating periods or differences in the time of day that the individuals are most active
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temporal isolation |
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- Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species, resulting from adaptations to similar environmental conditions
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convergent evolution |
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Evolution of one or more closely related species into different species; resulting from adaptations to different environmental conditions
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divergent evolution |
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Observable change in the allele frequencies of a population over a few generations
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microevolution |
