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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how a motorneuron excites a skeletal muscle fiber |
Action potential arrives at axon terminal Synaptic vesicles release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft Acetylcholine binds to the ligand gated ion channels in the motor end plate Ion channels open and sodium ions enter the muscle fiber Entry of sodium ions depolarizes the sarcolemma locally. producing an end plate potential |
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neural control of skeletal muscle contraction interms of motor units and their recruitment. |
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A. Describe the neural control of skeletal muscle contractionin terms of temporal (wave) summation andtetanus. |
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subthreshold |
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maximal stimulation |
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threshold |
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unfused tetanus |
contraction slowly builds overtime until contraction reaches maximal tension |
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fused tetanus |
contraction remains at the maximal level of tension |
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isometric contractions |
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isotonic contractions |
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isotonic concentric |
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isotonic eccentric |
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Explain the length-tensionrelationship of skeletal muscle in terms of sarcomere length and extent offilament overlap |
When the number of cross bridges is determined by the length of the sarcomere prior to contraction |
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Describe the three ways that muscle fibers can regenerateATP, and how long each supply lasts. |
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Summarize the processes of glycolysis |
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Summarize the processes of aerobicrespiration (oxidative catabolism) with reference to products and amount of ATPgenerated. |
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Distinguish between Type I and Type II muscle fibers,including structural features, metabolic characteristics, contraction speed,and resistance to fatigue |
Type I: slow twitch fibers, maintain contraction for long amounts of time,requires the continual oxidative generation of large quantities of ATP, metabolism is oxidative Type II: fast twitch fibers, contract rapidly and are quickly fatigued, rely on glycolytic energy sources |
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Describe the factors contributing to muscle fatigue andrecovery (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, EPOC) |
depletion of key metabolites, decreased availability off oxygen to muscle fibers, accumulation of certain chemicals, environmental conditions |
