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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Commodification |
The transformation of a resource from something valued for itself into something valued generically for exchange |
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Commodity |
An object that is valued generically rather than as a specific object, an object made for exchange |
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Conditions of production |
The material or environmental conditions required for an economy to function |
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Eco-feminism |
Theories critical of patriarchal society for degrading both the environment and the social condition of women |
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Exchange value |
The quantified worth of one good or service expressed in the terms of worth of another |
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First contradiction of capitalism |
The tendency of capitalism to eventually undermine itself through overproduction of commodities, reduction of wages for would-be-consumers |
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Globalization |
An ongoing process in which regional economies are becoming integrated through globe-spanning network |
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Means of production |
The infrastructure needed to make things |
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Overaccumualtion |
A condition in the economy where capital becomes so concentrated in so few hands that the economy slows down and causes potential socioeconomic crisis |
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Primitive accumulation |
The direct appropriation by capitalists of natural resources from communities that used to hold them collectively |
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Production of nature |
The idea that the environment, if it ever did exist separate from people, is now a product of human industry |
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Relations of production |
The social relationships associated with and necessary for a specific economy |
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Second contradiction of capitalism |
Capitalism undermines the environmental conditions for its own perpetuation through degradation of natural resources or damage to health of workers |
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Spatial fix |
Tendency of capitalism to temporarily solve its inevitable periodic crises by establishing new markets, resources, and sites of production in other places |
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Superfund |
The environmental program established to address abandoned hazardous waste sites in the US |
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Surplus value |
The value produced by underpaying labor or over-extracting from the environment which is accumulated by owners and investors |
