Unit 7 People

Front 1

Thomas B. Reed/"Uncle Joe" Cannon

Back 1

Very powerful Congressional leaders and Speakers of the House (ex: the "Reed Rules"- examples of the power of Congress during the Gilded Age

Front 2

William "Boss" Tweed

Back 2

Leader of the very powerful Tammany Hall municipal machine in NYC, very corrupt. Brought down by cartoons of Thomas Nast and the lawyer Samuel Tilden

Front 3

George Washington Plunkitt

Back 3

Member of Tammany Hall political machine. Articulated the idea of "honest graft"

Front 4

Ulysses S. Grant

Back 4

Civil War hero, president (1869-1877). Though not personally involved his administration reeked of scandal (Credit Mobilier, Whiskey Ring, Indian Ring)

Front 5

Jim Fisk/Jay Gould

Back 5

Unscrupulous financiers who were involved in a major scandal to try to corner to gold market in 1869

Front 6

Carl Schurz

Back 6

German immigrant from the Revolution of '48. Leader of the Liberal Republican Party to oppose the corruption of the GOP and Grant

Front 7

Horace Greeley

Back 7

NYC newspaper editor. Known for his advice- "Go West Young Man"- opponent of Grant's corruption

Front 8

Rutherford B. Hayes

Back 8

GOP Presidential candidate in 1876- won the presidency because of the Compromise of 1877. As POTUS- put down the Great Railroad Strike of 1877

Front 9

Samuel Tilden

Back 9

NYC lawyer who helped bring down Tweed, presidential candidate in 1876 (D)- lost to Hayes b/c of Compromise of 1877

Front 10

James A. Garfield

Back 10

Republican President (1881). Assassinated by a deranged office-seeker- Charles Guiteau- resulted in the Pendleton Act (1883)

Front 11

Chester A. Arthur

Back 11

Took over the presidency with the death of Garfield. Member of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party

Front 12

Grover Cleveland

Back 12

Only Democratic President of the Gilded Age and nonconsecutive terms (1885-1889, 1893-1897), favored lowering the tariff, hurt by Panic of 1893

Front 13

Benjamin Harrison

Back 13

Republican President (1889-1893) Grandson of William Henry- Billion Dollar Congress and all its acts during his administration

Front 14

William McKinley

Back 14

Republican President (1897-1901)- victor over Bryan in 1896- favored the gold standard and pro-business- imperialist- Spanish-American

Front 15

Denis Kearney

Back 15

Leader of the Workingman's Party in California- opposed Chinese immigration to the West Coast

Front 16

Colonel J.M. Chivington

Back 16

Leader of the notorious Sand Creek Massacre in 1864

Front 17

George A. Custer

Back 17

Flamboyant Indian fighter was massacred at the Little Big Horn (1876)

Front 18

Crazy Horse

Back 18

Sioux war chief who led the Indians at Little Big Horn (1876)

Front 19

Sitting Bull

Back 19

Sioux medicine man who led the Indians at Little Big Horn (1876)- later killed by in own people on the reservation (1890)

Front 20

Chief Joseph

Back 20

Leader of the Nez Perce in their unsuccessful flight to Canada

Front 21

Quanah Parker

Back 21

Leader of the Comanche in Texas- son of white captive Cynthia Ann Parker

Front 22

Geronimo

Back 22

Leader of the Apache in New Mexico and Arizona

Front 23

Wovoka

Back 23

Indian spiritual leader who was behind the Ghost Dance in the late 1880s and early 1890s

Front 24

Helen Hunt Jackson

Back 24

Reformer who wrote A Century of Dishonor (1881) about the justices the federal government on the Native Americans

Front 25

John Wesley Powell

Back 25

Adventurer who sailed down the Grand Canyon, argued much of the West beyond the 100th meridian was too arid for agriculture

Front 26

Joseph F. Glidden

Back 26

One of many, but usually credited with the invention of barbed wire

Front 27

Joseph McCoy

Back 27

Facilitated the cattle drives by building railroad facilities in Kansas so cattle could be shipped East to Chicago

Front 28

Buffalo Bill Cody

Back 28

Promoter who was known for his wildly popular Buffalo Bill Wild West Shows with real life Indians and animals

Front 29

Frederick Jackson Turner

Back 29

Author of The Significance of the Frontier on History (1893)- or simply the "Frontier Thesis"

Front 30

Greenville Dodge, Leland Stanford, Collis P. Huntington, James J. Harriman

Back 30

"The Big Four" railroad builders of the transcontinental railroad

Front 31

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Back 31

Initially dominated steamboat shipping before becoming the nation's first big railroad tycoon

Front 32

Alexander Graham Bell

Back 32

Invented the telephone

Front 33

Thomas Edison

Back 33

Inventor of multiple inventions such as phonograph, incandescent light bulb, motion parks; research facility at Menlo Park

Front 34

George Westinghouse and Nikola Tesla

Back 34

Made developments in electricity by focusing on alternative current instead of direct current

Front 35

Robert Ingersoll

Back 35

"Why I Am an Agnostic"

Front 36

Andrew Carnegie

Back 36

Captain of industry/robber baron who dominated the steel industry- also known for his philanthropy (Gospel of Wealth)

Front 37

John D. Rockefeller

Back 37

Captain of industry/robber baron who dominated the petroleum industry- Standard Oil

Front 38

Swift and Armour

Back 38

The partnership that dominated the meatpacking industry

Front 39

James B. Duke

Back 39

Captain of industry/robber baron of cigarettes and tobacco

Front 40

J.P. Morgan

Back 40

Powerful banker/financier who was involved in several industries- bought Carnegie out to form U.S. Steel, bailed out the government with a loan in 1895

Front 41

Thorstein Veblen

Back 41

Author of "The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899)"- about the extravagance of the wealthy

Front 42

Terence Powderly

Back 42

Along with Uriah Stephens, leader of the Knights of Labor

Front 43

Samuel Gompers

Back 43

Leader of the American Federation of Labor- believed in "bread and butter unionism"

Front 44

William "Big Bill" Haywood

Back 44

Radical leader of the Industrial Workers of the World- the "Wobblies"

Front 45

Eugene V. Debs

Back 45

Head of the American Railway Union, after Pullman Strike turned to socialism and became leader of the American Socialist Party for a quarter century

Front 46

Henry George

Back 46

Author of "Progress and Poverty (1879)"- advocated a single tax on land to equalize wealth

Front 47

Edward Bellamy

Back 47

Author of the fictional novel "Looking Backwards (1888)"- a portrayal of a socialist utopia set in the year 2000

Front 48

Louis Sullivan

Back 48

Architect- most known for his work with skyscrapers

Front 49

Jacob Riis

Back 49

Author of "How the Other Half Lives (1890)"- a photographic expose of urban poverty and slums

Front 50

Jane Addams

Back 50

Head of Hull House in Chicago, most famous of the settlement house workers for women in the late 1800s and early 1900s

Front 51

Lyman Moody

Back 51

Evangelist of the post-Civil War period

Front 52

Washington Gladden

Back 52

Along with Walter Rauschenbusch, most famous of the Social Gospel movement

Front 53

Charles Darwin

Back 53

Author of "The Origins of Species (1859)"- argued the tenents of natural selection and evolution

Front 54

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Back 54

Author of "Women and Economics (1898)"- feminist who wanted greater gender equality

Front 55

Carrie Chapman Catt

Back 55

Suffrage leader of the National American Woman Suffrage Association

Front 56

Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner

Back 56

Proponents of Social Darwinism- "survival of the fittest"

Front 57

Horatio Alger

Back 57

Author of numerous rags-to-riches stories such as "Tattered Tom", "Pluck and Luck", and "Pluck and Luck"

Front 58

Mark Twain

Back 58

Author who combined realism and humor in novels such as "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" and "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"

Front 59

Stephen Crane

Back 59

Author of "The Red Badge of Courage" and "Maggie: Girl of the Streets"

Front 60

Theodore Dreiser

Back 60

Realist author of "Sister Carrie"

Front 61

Winslow Homer

Back 61

Painter, known for his maritime scenes

Front 62

Frederick Remington

Back 62

Painter, known for his Western scenes

Front 63

George Bellows

Back 63

Painter, most famous of the Ashcan School who painted realist urban settings

Front 64

John Philip Sousa

Back 64

Musical composer of marches- "Semper Fidelis" and "Stars and Stripes Forever"

Front 65

James B. Weaver

Back 65

Greenback candidate in 1880, member of the Farmers' Alliance, Populist candidate for president in 1892

Front 66

C.W. Macune

Back 66

Founder of the Farmers' Alliance in Texas

Front 67

Tom Watson

Back 67

Populist from Georgia- turned to race-baiting after the fall of the Populists

Front 68

Mary E. Lease

Back 68

Kansas Populist who urged farmers to "raise less corn and more hell"- "Patrick Henry in Petticoats"

Front 69

William H. Harvey

Back 69

Author of "Coin's Financial School" about a mythical professor who lectures on the benefits of silver

Front 70

Jacob Coxey

Back 70

Lead an "army" of unemployed workers to Washington D.C. in the midst of the Panic of 1893- called for public works projects for jobs

Front 71

William Jennings Bryan

Back 71

Famous orator from Nebraska, Populist/Democrat candidate for president in 1896- known for his "Cross of Gold Speech"