Unit 7 Flashcards Part 1

Front 1

Heredity

Back 1

The passing of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.

Front 2

Offspring

Back 2

A person's child or children created through asexual or sexual reproduction.

Front 3

Gene

Back 3

A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

Front 4

Genetic trait

Back 4

A specific characteristic of an organism that can be determined by genes or the environment, or more commonly by interactions between them

Front 5

Allele

Back 5

One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

Front 6

Genotype

Back 6

The genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Front 7

Phenotype

Back 7

The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of it's Genotype with the environment.

Front 8

Dominant

Back 8

Most important, powerful, or influential.

Front 9

Recessive

Back 9

The relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents.

Front 10

Homozygous

Back 10

A pair of matching alleles, which are the two genes that control a particular trait.

Front 11

Heterozygous

Back 11

A pair of genes where one is dominant and one is recessive — they're different

Front 12

cross

Back 12

The deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent.

Front 13

monohybrid punnett square

Back 13

is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment

Front 14

F1 generation

Back 14

he first filial generation, which is comprised of offspring(s) resulting from a cross between strains of distinct genotypes.

Front 15

simple dominance

Back 15

occurs when an inherited trait is coded for by a single gene and that gene has two versions, or alleles

Front 16

incomplete dominance

Back 16

the appearance in a heterozygous of a trait that is intermediate between either of the trait's homzygous phenotypes.

Front 17

co-dominance

Back 17

of or relating to two different alleles that are fully expresseding a heterozygous individual.

Front 18

hybrid

Back 18

the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties, such as a mule.