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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the three principles underlying proper body mechanics and relate a nursing consideration for each
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center of gravity when lifting an object bend at the knees, base of support place one foot slightly in front of the other for stability, line of gravity imaginery line straight down the middle
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State the purpose of range-of-motion exercises. Differentiate between active and passive range of motion
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ROM is used to determine if a person has full potential use of their limb. They may suffer resistance to these joints resulting from injury or disease. PASSIVE is when the nurse must help the client move or exercise the body part. ACTIVE is when the client can move themself.
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Define and demonstrate the following movements: abduction, adduction, circumduction, flexion, extension, rotation, pronation, and supination
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ABDUCTION is moving the body part away from the midline of the body ADDUCTION is moving the body party toward the midline of the body. CIRCUMDUCTION moving an extremity in circles; FLEXION is decreasing the angle like bending the elbow. EXTENSION is increasing an angle as in straightening the elbow. ROTATION is moving a bone on a longitudinal axis (horizontally) as in shaking the head. PRONATION is turning the hand so that the palm faces downward or backward. SUPINATION "inversion" is turning the palm anteriorly (forward) or the foot inward and upward (so it faces the other foot)
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Identify at least three principles related to safe movement of clients in and out of bed.
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(1) assist client to put on a bathrobe and slippers. (2) check the order for client's activity level (3) being up after an illness is tiring; ask client to tell you when they are tired. (4) make sure call signal is in reach.
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Demonstrate and practice going up and down stairs with crutches
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When climbing stairs the client holds the handrail ont eh unaffected side, if one is available. The client holds both crutches under the affected side. The stronger leg advances up the firest step, with the clien'ts weight on the crutches and the handrail. The the affected leg and the crutches move up to the same step, while the weight is on the stronger leg and the handrail.
Two point gait-partial weight bearing both feet; provides less support and faster than a 4-point gait. |
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Describe the types of client reminder devices; state the precautions and nursing care for each; identify the regulations and documentation for each; and state when each is used. Differentiate between client reminder devices and leather safety devices.
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(1) the netted hand mit (2) the vest and (3) lap belt
SAFETY DEVICES (1) criss-cross vest and (2) posey jacket |
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State at least six client positions commonly used for examinations and treatments.
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Supine (on back) Prone (on stomach) used to exam spine and back; Sims (side-lying usually left, kness flexed bottom arm behind body used for rectal exam. Fowler's (supine with head raised) Semi-Fowler's (30 - 46 degrees) used for promoting breathing, assist in drainage and for dangling. Knee chest used for rectal or vaginal exam
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Describe the evaluation of fall risk and how this applies to nursing care and client safety
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Client may be subject to fall if they become dizzy from getting up to quick or if they are weak from their illness or are elderly. The nurse should provide sturdy shoes and assist the client when standing. Use a transfer belt for safety. Position yourself (nurse) to the side or slightly behind the client. You may need two assistants if client is unsteady; if so, hold the client's arm and support lower arms and hands.
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