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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Cycle
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The regular pattern of growth
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Mitosis
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The division of the cell nucleus and its contents
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Cytokinesis
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the process that divides the cell cytoplasm
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Chromosome
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one long continuous thread of DNA that contains numerous genes
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Histone
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Protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps
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Chromatin
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Loose combination of DNA and proteins that are present during interphase
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Chromatid
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One half of a duplicated chromosome
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Centromere
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where the spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosis
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Telomere
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Repeating nucleotide at the ends of DNA molecules
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Prophase
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first phase of mitosis
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Metaphase
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Second phase of mitosis
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Anaphase
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Third phase of mitosis
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Telophase
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Last phase of mitosis
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Growth factor
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Broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division
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Apoptosis
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Programmed cell death
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Cancer
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a disease caused by uncontrollable cell division
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Benign
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Having no dangerous affect on health
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Malignant
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Cancerous tumor where cells break away and go to other parts of the body
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Metastasize
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To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body
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Carcinogen
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substances that promote cancer development
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Tissue
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A Group of cells that work together to perform a similar function
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Organ
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A group of tissues that work together as a whole
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Organ System
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two or more organs that work in a coordinated way to carry out a similar function
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Cell differentiation
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A process where unspecialized cells develope into their mature form
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Stem Cell
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Cell that can divide for long periods of time
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Somatic cell
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Cells that make up all the body tissues and organs
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Gamete
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Sex Cell
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Homologous Chromosome
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Chromosomes that have the same length, appearance, and copies of genes
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Autosome
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Chromosome that contains genes for characteristics
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Sex chromosome
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Chromosome that controls the development of sexual characteristics
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Sexual Reproduction
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process by which two gametes fuse
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Fertilization
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Fusion of an egg and sperm cell
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Diploid
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Cell that has two copies of each chromosome
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haploid
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cell that has only one copy of each chromosome
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Meiosis
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Form of nuclear division that divides diploid cell into haploid cells
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Gametogenesis
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Process by which gametes are produces through meiosis
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sperm
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Male gamete
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Egg
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Female gamete
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Polar body
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Haploid cell produced during meiosis in the female of many species
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Replication
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Process by which DNA is copied
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DNA Polymerase
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Enzyme that makes bonds between nucleotides
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