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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ground tissues
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parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma
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dermal tissues
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epidermis, cuticle
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• apical root
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root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation/differentiation
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secondary growth
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increase in girth
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lateral meristems
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vascular cambium (2° xylem & 2° phloem), cork cambium (periderm & bark)
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auxin
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promotes plant growth, cell elongation; apical dominance
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Plant Structures
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• root
• epidermis, root hairs • cortex • endodermis, Casparian strip • stele (vascular cylinder), xylem, phloem • leaf • cuticle • upper palisade mesophyll (photosynthesis) • lower spongy mesophyll (gas exchange), stomates, guard cells • vascular bundle (vein), xylem, phloem |
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Plant Hormones
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• auxin
• gibberellins • cytokinins .• ethylene abscisic • epidermis |
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auxin:
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promotes plant growth, cell elongation; apical dominance
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gibberellins:
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cell growth, fruit development; bigger grapes
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• cytokinins:
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promote cell growth (cytokinesis); apical dominance
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• ethylene:
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promote fruit ripening
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• abscisic acid (ABA):
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maintains seed & bud dormancy
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• epidermis
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root hairs
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Alternation of Generation
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• multicellular sporophyte (2n) .meiosis. spores (1n) .mitosis. multicellular gametophyte (1n) .mitosis. gametes (1n) .fertilization. multicellular sporophyte (2n)
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Flowers & Seeds
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• sepals, petals, anthers (pollen), pistil/carpel (egg)
• double fertilization: • zygote (2n): new plant • endosperm (3n): nutrition for new plant • seed • embryo, seed coat, endosperm, cotyledons (seed leaves), hypocotyl (embryonic stem), radicle (embryonic root) |
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Phototropism
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response to gravity
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Phototropism uses what hormones
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• auxin & gibberellin, starch statolith plastids
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Thigmotropism
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• response to touch
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Photoperiodism
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• response to relative length of daylight & darkness, circadian rhythm
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phytochrome protein
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Pr, Pfr, florigen
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• daylight
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: Pr + red light . Pfr
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• darkness
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: Pfr + far-red light . Pr
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• night length
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resets circadian-rhythm clock
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• long-day plants flower in longer days /
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shorter nights, short-day plants flower in shorter days / longer nights, day-neutral are not triggered by daylight changes
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