Unit 5 Dna Flashcards

Front 1

Double Helix

Back 1

Shape of DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together ny hydrogen bonds between the bases.

Front 2

Nitrogenous Base

Back 2

Carbon ring structure found on DNA or RNA that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen; includes adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil.

Front 3

Transcription

Back 3

Process in the cell nucleus where enzymes make an RNA copy of a DNA strand.

Front 4

Translation

Back 4

Process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Front 5

Codon

Back 5

Set of three nitrogenous bases that represents an amino acid; order of nitrogenous bases in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein.

Front 6

Mutation

Back 6

Any change or random error in a DNA sequence.

Front 7

Mutagen

Back 7

Any agent that an cause a change in DNA; includes a high-energy radiation, chemicals, or high temperatures.

Front 8

Messenger RNA

Back 8

RNA that transports information from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's cytoplasm.

Front 9

Ribosomal RNA

Back 9

RNA that makes up the ribosomes; clamps onto mRNA and uses its information to assemble amino acids in the correct order

Front 10

Transfer RNA

Back 10

RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins.