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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemical/physical barriers in the first line of defense do NOT include __________.a. stomach acidb. mucus in the tracheac. macrophagesd. tears |
c. Macrophages |
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A disease causes by a virus is: a. the flu b. botulism c.tuberculosis d. two of the above |
a. the flu |
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_________ is the ability of a pathogen to overcome the body defense. a. vircucidece b. virulence c. transmissibility d. infectiousness |
b. virulence |
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___________ is a disease characterized by high transmissibility and love virulence. a. bubonic plague b. AIDS c. chicken pox d. two of the above |
c. Chicken pox |
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The flue differs from a cold in that the flu__________ a. responds to streptomycin b. is more virulent c. infects only he upper respiratory tract d. two of the above |
b. is more virulent |
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Penicillin___________ a. is effective against measles b. is effective against a cold c. attacks bacterial cell walls d. two of the above |
c. attacks bacterial cell walls |
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Some viruses can carry their genes as_______ a. DNA b.RNA c. protein d. two of the above e. all of the above |
d. two of the above, a,b |
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Shingles is caused by reemergence of the __________virus a. Epstein- Barr b. measles c. chicken pox d. flu |
c. chicken pox |
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The_____ is the primary source of all blood cells in adults. a. liver b. spleen c. lymph node d. red bone marrow |
d. red bone marrow |
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The______ usually is the lymphoid tissue first to encounter pathogens and antigens that enter via the nose and mouth. a. lymph node b. tonsils c. thymus d. spleen. |
b. Tonsils |
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Present from birth, less specific, quick responses, and no memory best describes_____ immunity. a. adaptive b. innate |
b. innate |
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Complement proteins are part of _____ immunity. a. adaptive b. innate |
b. Innate |
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A cytotoxic t cell (CTL) differs from a natural killer cell in that the CTL is ________specific and _________ memory cells. a. less/produces b. less/does not produce c. more/produces d. more/does not produce |
c. more/ produces |
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A ___________ is an example of a phagocyte that is part of ____________ immunity. a. macrophage/adaptive b. macrophage/innate c. helper T cell/adaptive d. helper T cell/innate |
b. macrophage/ innate |
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___________ receptors recognize molecules that are broadly shared by pathogens. a. mast-cell b. antibody c. toll-like d. cytokine |
c. toll-like |
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___________ dilate(s) blood vessels and cause(s) them to become leaky. a. antibodies b. histamine c. tumor necrosis factor d. lymph |
b.histamine |
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Redness, warmth, swelling and pain best describes _____________. a. cytokine formation b. hybridoma formation c. phagocytosis d. the inflammatory response |
d. the inflammatory response |
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A(n) _______ is a general term for a substance that stimulates an immune response. a. IgE b. antigen c. histamine d. interferon |
b. antigen |
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___________ produce memory cells when activated. a. B lymphocytes b. T lymphocytes c. natural killer cells d. two of the abovee. all of the above |
d. two of the above, a,b |
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The primary function of ___________ is secreting cytokines that regulate/coordinate the immunesystem. a. B cells b. helper T cells c. cytotoxic T cells d. natural killer cells |
b. helper T cells |
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Antibodies are considered to be __________ immunity. a. cellular b. humoral |
b. humoral |
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Most of the antibodies in the blood belong to the __________ class. a. IgG b. IgM c. IgA d. IgE |
a. IgG |
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Antibodies present in mom’s milk primarily belong to the __________ class. a. IgG b. IgM c. IgA d. IgE |
c. IgA |
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The antibodies associated with allergies primarily belong to the __________ class. a. IgG b. IgM c. IgA d. IgE |
d. IgE |
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Antibodies can clump pathogens together in a process known as ______________. a. covalent cross-linking b. gluon formation c. Fc attachment d. agglutination |
d. agglutination |
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Vaccines are effective for LONG-TERM protection against some diseases because vaccines stimulate__________ formation. a. plasma-cell b. antibody c. memory-cell d. T-cell |
c. memory-cell |
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The DTP vaccine protects against ___________. a. tuberculosis b. diphtheria c. polio d. two of the above e. all of the above |
b. diphtheria |
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An inappropriate immunologic response to some substance is a(n) ______________. a. agglutination b. necrosis c. allergy d. inflammation |
c. allergy |
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Activated B lymphocytes that secrete antibodies are called ___________. a. T lymphocytes b. plasma cells c. macrophages d. monocytes |
b. plasma cells |
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MRSA is an acronym for _________________ Staphylococcus aureus. a. mitogen-restricted b. mitogen-resolved c. methicillin-resistant d. multiply resistant |
c. methicillin-resistant |
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The _____________ of a disease is a measure of how easily the disease is passed from one person toanother. |
transmissibility |
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MRSA is an acronym for _______________________________. |
methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus |
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Tetanus is caused by a _________________ (type of pathogen). |
bacterium |
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The ___________________ system is a one-way system that returns fluid to the blood. |
lymphatic |
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Less specific and no memory best describes _____________ immunity. |
innate |
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__________________ receptors on macrophages and other cells of the immune system recognizemolecules such as lipopolysaccharide that are broadly shared by pathogens. |
toll-like |
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A fluid that accumulates as the result of an inflammatory response and contains dead phagocytes, bodycells, and bacteria is commonly called_____________. |
pus |
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In adaptive immunity, the _______________ are the cells that that poke holes in foreign cells. |
cytotoxic T- lymphocyte |
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Activated B cells that secrete antibodies are known as ________________ cells. |
plasma |
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_______ is the class of antibody that predominates in saliva and tears. |
IgA |
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The MMR vaccine protects against measles, ______________, and rubella |
mumps |
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In an allergic reaction, histamine is released from ______________ cells found in peripheral tissues. |
mast |
