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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pulmonary ventilation
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Breathing in and out
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External respiration
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Gas exchange in the lungs
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Internal respiration
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Gas exchange in the metabolizing tissues
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What muscles are used for inspiration?
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Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalene muscles, pectoralis minor muscles, and serratus anterior muscle
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What muscles are used for expiration?
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Internal intercoastal muscles, transversus thoracis muscle, external and internal oblique muscle, and rectus abdominis
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What are the major functions of the digestive system?
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Breaks down food, prepares it for uptake, provides body water, and eliminates waste
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List the primary organs of the digestive system in order that food goes down starting with the mouth
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Mouth, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus
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What are the functions in the intestines?
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Small intestine: digest and absorb nutrients
Large intestine: stores and concentrates fecal matter |
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List the accessory organs to the digestive system
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Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
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What is the function of the liver and gallbladder ?
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Liver: excretes bile
gallbladder: reservoir for bile |
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Absorption
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Uptake of gases, fluids, or solutes
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Mechanical digestion
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Breaking down food into smaller pieces
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Chemical digestion
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Food is broken and physically
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Metabolism
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Sum of all biochemical processes within human body at any moment
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Catabolism
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Breakdown of complex organic molecules into simpler components accompanied by release of energy
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Anabolism
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Synthesis of complex organic compounds from simpler precursors
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What are the four major metabolic pathways in cellular respiration
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Glycolysis, pyruvate processing, Krebs, and electron transport
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What are the functions of the urinary system?
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Adjust blood volume and pressure, regulate plasma concentrations of sodium potassium and chloride, stabilize blood pH, conserve nutrients, and remove drugs / toxins from bloodstream
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Location of the kidney
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Between posterior body wall muscles and the parietal peritoneum and a retroperitoneal position
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What are the major functions of the reproductive system?
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Production transporting and nurturing of ova and sperm and secreted hormones
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What is the structural pathway of a sperm cell to the point of ejaculation?
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Sperm is produced in the testes, mature sperm is stored in the epididymis, it moves to the vas deferens, seminal vesicles add semen, semen passes through prostate gland with neutral fluid for protection semen travels past cowpers gland and prostate gland releases semen during ejaculation
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