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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many layers make up Earth atmosphere? What are the names of the layers? |
Earth's atmosphere is made up of 6 layers. The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, exosphere |
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Which layer is closest to Earth? |
troposphere |
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Tell me about the troposphere? |
The troposphere is the closest layer to the ground. It contains the air we breathe, weather, and the clouds in the sky. The air here is mostly made of nitrogen, but it also has a large amount of oxygen, which animals use to breathe. Other elements in the air are water vapor, argon, carbon dioxide. Contains 99% water vapor and 75% gases. |
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How "thick" or high is troposphere? |
The troposphere is 5 to 9 miles thick. |
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What layer is directly above the troposphere? |
The stratosphere |
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what is the air like in the Stratosphere? |
Cold, heavy airs at the bottom. Warm and light air is at the top. There are no storms or winds here to mix up the air. |
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What layer of the atmosphere will we find the ozone layer? |
in the stratosphere. |
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Why is the ozone layer important? |
The ozone layer helps protect us from ultra violent radiation from the sun. without the ozone layer, sun's radiation would kill life on Earth. |
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What layer lies between the thermosphere and the stratosphere? |
The Mesosphere. "meso means middle" |
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What is the atmosphere like in the Mesosphere? |
The air is too thin for anyone to breathe. The gasses are all mixed up. |
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Describe what happens when meteors go through our atmosphere. |
Meteors make it through the exosphere and the thermosphere without much trouble. In these layers, there's not enough air to stop the meteors. But when the meteors hit the mesosphere, the gases cause friction and create heat, which is why meteors heat up and burn as it crossed the sky. |
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What is the temperature like in the Thermosphere? |
In the thermosphere, the temperature can reach up to 4500ﾟF. Even though it's very hot in this layer, it feels very cold because the air isn't dense enough to transfer heat. |
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What happens to sound in the thermosphere? |
In the thermosphere, sound can not travel because the air is not dense enough. |
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What 3 layers does the ionosphere overlap? |
The ionosphere overlaps with the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. |
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Why does the size and shape of the ionosphere change through the day? |
The ionosphere grows and shrinks depending on the energy it absorbs from the Sun. The ionosphere grows base on the incoming radiation from the Sun, so its exact size and shape can change throughout the day. |
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What special light can you find in the ionosphere? |
The ionosphere is where auroras happen. |
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What are Auroras? |
Auroras are bright, beautiful bands of light that people can sometimes see near Earth's Poles. For example the Northern Lights. |
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What causes Auroras? |
Auroras are caused by energy from the Sun interacting with the atoms in the ionosphere. |
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What is the outer most layer of the atmosphere? |
The outer most layer is the exosphere. |
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Describe the Exosphere. |
The exosphere separates the rest of the atmosphere from outer space. It extends from the top of the thermoshere up to 6200 miles high. There is no air to breathe. It is very cold. |
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Tell me about the Atmosphere. |
Atmosphere is made up of thin layers of gases, solids, and liquids. It forms a protective layer around the planet. It is divided into 5 distinct layers. |
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tell me about the Ionosphere. |
It is a layer of electrically charged particles in the thermosphere. Absorbs AM radio waves during the day and reflects them back at night. |
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what layer is the Ozone layer in? |
stratosphere. |
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what is Ultraviolet Radiation? |
It is energy that comes to Earth from the Sun. It can damage the skin and cause cancer. It is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer. |
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what is Chlorofluorocarbon |
it is a group of chemicals used in refrigerators, air conditioners, foam packaging, and aerosol sprays that may enter the atmosphere and destroy the ozone. |
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what is radiation? |
energy transferred by waves or rays |
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what is conduction? |
it is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into each other. |
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what is convection? |
it is the transfer of heat by the flow of material. |
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what is hydrosphere? |
it is all the water on Earth's surface |
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what is condensation? |
it is the process in which water vapor changes to a liquid |
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what is the coriolis effect? |
it causes moving air and water to turn left in the southern hemisphere and turn right in the northern hemisphere due to Earth's rotation. |
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what is the jet stream? |
it is the narrow belt of strong winds that blows near the top of the troposphere. |
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what is Sea Breeze? |
it is movement of air from sea to land during the day. it is created when cooler air from above the water moves over the land, forcing the heated, less dense air above the land to rise. |
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what is land breeze? |
It is movement of air from land to sea at night. It is created when cooler, denser air from the land forces up warmer air over the sea. |
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oxygen |
what gas makes up 21% of Earths atmosphere? |
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nitrogen |
what gas makes up the greatest percentage of Eath"s atmosphere? |
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latitude |
wind pattern is affected by what? |
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sea breeze |
what forms during the day because water heats slower than land? |
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coriolis effect |
what deflects winds to the west or east? |
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conduction |
which process transfers heat by contact? |
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westerlies |
which global wind affects weather in the US? |
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ionosphere |
A atmospheric layer contains electrically charged particles? |
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prevailing westerlies |
Which surface winds are responsible for most of the weather movement across the United States? |
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trade winds |
Which surface wind blows North and south in the tropical region? sailors used these winds to establish trading routes. |
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exosphere |
Where is air pressure least? |
