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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Bacteriorhodopsin |
Single protein light driven proton pump. Usually found in halophilic archaea. |
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What are the two types of bacterial photosynthesis |
Oxygenic and Anoxygenic |
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Chlorophyll |
Light absorbing pigment has a chromophore |
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What type of organism haves Photosystem 1 |
Green sulfate bacteria |
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Mesophile |
Organism living in moderate temperature not to cold or to hot |
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Phototroph |
Organisms using light as an energy source |
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Halohordopsin |
Pumps in Cl ions |
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Heterotroph |
Use complex organic molecules to digest and use it for energy |
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Oxidative phosphorylation |
E- carried by NADH from glycolysis and TCA cycle to the ETS and pump H+ ions out if membrane and enter ATP synthase to make ATP. |
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What are the products of glycolysis |
2ATP and 4e carried by 2NADH and 2H+ and pyruvate |
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What are the products of TCA |
2ATP, 16e- carried by 6NADH, 6H+ and 2FADH2 |
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What products make by 2 pyruvate converted to 2 acetyl coA |
4e- carried by 2NADH, Co2 and 2H+ |
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What is the total overall Yield of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation. |
38 ATP |
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ETS |
Electron transport system. Carried e- across membrane and pump protons out to make gradient and use them to make ATP |
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Oxidoreductase |
E- acceptor from NADH and move e- to quinos and pump 4H+ |
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Terminal Oxidase |
Or also cytosome pump protons out use e- from the heme groups and make water. |
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What is the total yield of Bacterial ETS for aerobic NADH |
2H20 and 16H+ |
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Stromatolites |
Earliest form of life are bacterial communities. A bulbous mass of sedimentary layers of limestone (CaCo3) |
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Reductive (degenerative) evolution |
Loss or mutation of DNA encoding in selected traits |
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Clades |
Branching groups of related organisms. |
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Lithotroph |
Use inorganic substrates as energy source. Nitrates sulfur and others |
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Psychrophiles |
Grow in very cold temps like Antarctica or north pole. Temps of -20 - +10 degrees Celsius |
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Hypoerthermophiles |
Organisms living in extreme hot temps above 80°C |
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What is energy |
Movement of electrons use of ATP to do work |
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What are 3 ways ATP can transfer energy |
Hydrolysis release phosphate Hydrolysis release triphosphate or 2 P Do phosphorylation of an organic molecule |
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Electron carriersa |
NAD+ AND FAD+ |
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What are the 3 main routes if glucose breakdown |
1. EMP or embden mayerhof parnas 2. ED or Entner Doudoroff 3. Penrose phosphate shunt |
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Cynobacteria /phylum |
Ozygenic photrophic, have chlorophyll, thylakoids, fix co2 and N2 |
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Substrate Level Phosphorylation |
Transfer of phoshate group from organic substrate to make ATP |
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What is the EMP pathway |
Glucose > glucose 6-p > fructose 6-p > frutose1,6-p > G3P > glyceraldehyde 3-p > 1,3-p glycerate > 2-p glycerate > PEP > pyruvate |
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What are the reactants needed to for EMP and the product yield |
2ADP + 2P ---> 2ATP + 2H20 2NAD+ + 4H+ + 4e- ---> 4e- + 2NADH + 2H+ |
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What are the most well known bacteria Phyla |
Cyanobacteria. Spirochetes. Planctomycetes. Firmicutes and actinobacteria (gram +). Proteobacteria and acidobacteria (gram -) |
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Which my phyla are gram + bacteria |
Firmicutes and actinobacteria |
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Firmicutes phyla |
Low GC. Gram +. Rods or cocci. Common in soils and degrade plant substrates. |
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Actinobacteria |
High GC. Gram +. Aerobic and are acid fast stain. Rods, filamentous sometimes cocci. |
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Bacillus |
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Mycobacterium |
Rod shape have thick cell walls with myotic acid. Species: M.tuberculosis M.leprae M.smegmatis |
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Proteobacteria phylum |
5major classes. Common structure are gram - |
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Alphapriteobacteria |
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What are the 4 main Archea Phylum |
Crenarcheota Thaumarchaeota Euryarchaeota Ancient Archeal Group |
