Unit 3 Exam

Front 1

reigned during the height of Mauryan power, created a model of Indian kingship, and converted to Buddhism

Back 1

Ashoka

Front 2

The ______ were a people unified not by religion or culture, but economics and trade and known as excellent seamen

Back 2

Phoenicians

Front 3

the tradition of Buddhism called the "Great Vehicle" which defined the Buddha and placed him at the head of a pantheon of othrr Buddhas and Bodhisattvas

Back 3

Mahayana

Front 4

The world's longest ancient epic and contains the Bhagavad Gita, a central ethical text of Hinduism

Back 4

Mahabarata

Front 5

Founded by Chandragupta (c. 320-500), This Dynasty oversaw the Golden Age of India

Back 5

Guptan Dynasty

Front 6

He was the last great Neo-Assyrian king who controlled the empire at its peak

Back 6

Ashurbanipal

Front 7

This ruler of the Gupta Empire was a patron of the arts, rebuilt roads, organized a system of tax collecting, and created an efficient government, ushering in the Gilden age of India

Back 7

Samudragupta

Front 8

The complete unification of the Kingdom of Israel came under the reign of _______

Back 8

David

Front 9

The Gupta Empire and the cultural development of ancieny India reached its peak under this ruler, who continued and expanded his father's patronage of the arts

Back 9

Chandragupta II

Front 10

______ was responsible for doubling the size of the Babylonian Empire

Back 10

Nebuchadnezzar II

Front 11

This ruler was the last of the great Gupta emperors and fought against the invasions of the "White Huns" in India

Back 11

Skandagupta

Front 12

After their Initial defeat by Skandagupta, this nomadic confederation would continue to invade India and lead to the deterioration of the Gupta Empire

Back 12

Hephthalites

Front 13

This empire was founded by Ardashir I, was one of the main powers in Western and Central Asia, oversaw the peak of ancient Iranian civilization, and was the last Iranian empire before the rise of Islam

Back 13

Sasanian Empire

Front 14

The Sasanian emperor who conquered the Mesopotamian fortresses Nisibis and Carrhae, invaded Syria, Anatolia, and Armenia, and defeated and captured the Roman emperor Valerian

Back 14

Shapur I

Front 15

Persia saw a massive expansion campaign happen under the leadership of _______

Back 15

Cyrus

Front 16

the ambitious reign of this Sasanian king led to the rebuilding of trade roads, the introduction of a tax system, and the peak of art and science in the Sassanid Empire, and ended the Pax Perpetuum with the Byzantine Emperor Justinian

Back 16

Kushro I

Front 17

Historically, Darius I was preceded by __________ and succeeded by _______

Back 17

Cambyses, Xerxes

Front 18

The Byzantine Emperor used the capture of Jerusalem by Kushro II to launch a religious war against the Persian Empire, leading to an eventual peace with Kushro's son in 678 CE

Back 18

Heraclius

Front 19

The founder of the Islamic religion and the leader who captured Medina in the Battle of Badr

Back 19

Muhammad

Front 20

The text that is believed to have been revealed from Allah through the archangel Gabriel to Muhammad, and is the central religious text of Islam

Back 20

Qur'an

Front 21

Alongside the Qur'an, these accounts of Muhammad that do not appear in the Qur'an are another important source of authority in early Islam

Back 21

Hadith

Front 22

The significance of the battle of Cunaxa is:

Back 22

that it signaled the beginning of the end of the Persian Empire

Front 23

what is the difference between the Umma and the Dar al-Islam

Back 23

Umma is the physical Islamic community and the Dar al-Islam is the conceptual Islamic community

Front 24

______ is an empire located in present day Northern Iran with its cultural roots in Greece

Back 24

Parthian

Front 25

T or F?
the early Muslims did not believe any elements of Judaism or Christianity, and they denounced the existence of religious figures such as Abraham and Jesus

Back 25

False

Front 26

Of the Five Pillars of Islam, the hajj represents

Back 26

the pilgrimage to Mecca once within one's lifetime

Front 27

_______ came as a result of a revolt against the Sassanids

Back 27

Parthian Empire

Front 28

The first Caliph after Muhammad's death and the leader who launched campaigns against the Sassanid and Byzantine empires, thus aiding with the spread of Islam

Back 28

Abu Bakr

Front 29

T or F?
The Shi'ites made up the smaller of the two main divisions of Islam that emphasized the importance of a successors blood ties to Muhammad and believed Ali was Muhammad's designated successor

Back 29

True

Front 30

After refusing to recognize Ali as Caliph, thus caliph founded the Umayyad Dynasty and shifted the Islamic capital from Medina in Arabia to Damascus in Syria

Back 30

Mu'awiyah

Front 31

Founded by Abu' al-Abbas in 750 CE, this Islamic Dynasty established the Islamic capital in Baghdad, which became the focal point for Islamic culture

Back 31

Abbasid

Front 32

This Islamic Dynasty relocated to Spain after fallen to the Abbasid caliphate, and once there, established the Islamic Spain capital of Cordoba

Back 32

Ummayad

Front 33

T or F?
The Almoravids represented a worldly dynasty that was tolerant of other faiths outside of Islam

Back 33

False

Front 34

This culturally progressive Dynasty incorporated Christian and Jewish Intellectuals into the government

Back 34

Almohavids

Front 35

This Muslin Scholar codified Greco-Arabic thought, leading to the peak of Islamic science in the Islamic world

Back 35

Avicenna

Front 36

This Muslims scholars commentaries on Aristotle's works revived the interest in ancient Greek philosophy in the West and greatly influenced Western European medieval philosophical scholarship

Back 36

Averoes

Front 37

This Dynasty was founded by Shi'ite Muslims, then expanded into the Abbasid province of Egypt and founded the city of Cairo as their capital

Back 37

Fatamids

Front 38

This Muslin leader founded the Ayyubid dynasty,unified Egypt and retook Jerusalem fit the Muslims, leading to the Third Crusade

Back 38

Saladin

Front 39

The leader of the Ottoman Turks and the founder of the Ottoman Dynasty, which would eventually sack Constantinople and lead to the decline of the Byzantine Empire

Back 39

Osman

Front 40

Meaning "Great Ruler," this title was giving to the Mongol ruler Temujin, who founded the Mongol Empire jn 1206

Back 40

Genghis Khan

Front 41

This Mongol leader's army sacked the Abbasid capital of Baghdad in 1258, executed the last Abbasid caliph, and founded the IIkhanate

Back 41

Hulaga Khan

Front 42

As Mongol rule in Central Asia declined, this Turkish noble launched a series of campaigns against Persia, Mesopotamia, Syria, and Russia, and took in Delhi in 1398, and Anatolia in 1402

Back 42

Tamurlane

Front 43

This dynasty descended from the conqueror Tamurlane, and its capital in the city of Herat emerged as the center of a revival of Persian intellectual and artistic life

Back 43

Timurids

Front 44

Which best describes the "Armenian Question?"

Back 44

Who would rule Armenia after a battle between Rome and Parthia, resulting in a Roman victory and this signals the rise of the Sassanid Empire

Front 45

T or F?
The Persians saw themselves as a chosen people and Zororastrianism was the expression of this

Back 45

True

Front 46

T or F?
Darius I was a usurper to the Persian Empire who legitimatized himself in a number of ways including writing his legend into the Behistun Inscription

Back 46

True

Front 47

T or F?
Chandragupta Maurya laid the foundation of the Mauryan Dynasty

Back 47

True